(Frontal, Mid, Hindbrain)
What are the three key structures of the hindbrain?
1.
2.
3.
What are the three key structures of the hindbrain?
1. Pons
2. Medulla
3. Cerebellum
Which lobe contains the primary motor cortex?
Frontal lobe!!!
Neuroplasticity occurs in response to 2 kinds of experiences. Outline and explain these two types of experiences.
Developmental: In response to ageing and learning associated with maturation
Adaptive: In response to a need to adapt, such as in response to brain trauma and injury
Which is not a basic survival function that the midbrain is responsible for?
a. Relaying messages between the hindbrain and the forebrain
b. Maintaining the body's biological state (Homeostasis)
c. Filtering and directing sensory information
d. Regulating arousal and alertness
b. Maintaining the body's biological state (Homeostasis)
What can the damage to the frontal lobe result in? (Hint: Phinneas Gage - what were the impacts?)
1. personality changes
2. difficulties making good judgements or carrying out planned behaviours
True or False?
a. Sprouting involves the a neuron’s ability to form a new connection with another undamaged neuron
Which part of the brain is the reticular formation located in?
The Midbrain!
What is the function of the primary somatosensory cortex
Processes tactile information from the skin (receives and processes sensations such as touch, pressure, temperature and pain from the body)
List three ways to maintain brain functioning
Can be any of the following:
- Mental stimulation
- Diet
- Physical activity
- social support
Which of the following is not a basic survival function that the hindbrain is responsible for?
a. regulation of heart-rate
b. regulation of breathing
c. regulation of decision making
d. regulation of sleep-wake cycle
c. regulation of decision making
Outline the differences between the Broca's area and Wernicke's area?
Broca's: responsible for speech production and language expression
Wernicke's: responsible for language comprehension
What is long - term depression (in terms of synaptic pruning)?
Repeated low levels of activation of certain synaptic connections become weaker and are eventually eliminated
The Midbrain contains the Cerebrum, Thalumus and Hypothalumus. What is the key difference between the Thalumus and Hypothalumus regarding their function?
Thalumus: Receives sensory signals and then directs this information to the designated part of the cerebral cortex to be processed
Hypothalumus: Regulates autonomic functions (hunger, temperature, sleep)
What determines how much of the Primary motor cortex is devoted to different anatomical parts? (Hands, feet, tongue, lips)
Amount of the cortex devoted to the different parts of the body is in proportion to the number of neurons required to move different anatomical parts
Lips and hands are capable of more precise, fine motor movements and therefore require more motor neurons and a greater proportion of PMC
1. What is long term potentiation
2. describe the process of the long term potentiation of synaptic connections.
1. LTP: The repetition or practice of a task, skill or piece of information activates a neuron in a pathway to send neurotransmitters repeatedly across the synapse to adjacent neuron
2. Over time, with repeated activation, the pathways become tough road maps linking parts of the brain
3. Highly used pathways are easily activated