Transition from Republic to Empire
He was assassinated in 44 BCE by a group of senators.
Julius Caesar
Units of the Roman army, typically consisting of about 5,000 soldiers.
legions
In times of crisis, a leader could be appointed with absolute power for six months called a....
dictator
What type of government did Rome establish in 509 BCE?
Republic
a Trojan hero who, according to legend, traveled to Italy and became an ancestor of the Romans.
Aeneas
The first emperor of Rome who established the Pax Romana.
Augustus (Octavian)
A series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage.
Punic Wars
System to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.
checks and balances
The common people of Rome, such as farmers and craftsmen, who fought for political rights over time.
plebians
Twin brothers in Roman mythology who were raised by a she-wolf
Romulus and Remus
A long period of peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire.
Pax Romana
He crossed the Alps with elephants to attack Rome.
Hannibal
The central marketplace and meeting place in Roman cities.
Forum
The wealthy, upper-class citizens who held most political power in early Rome.
patricians
He killed his brother to establish Rome
Romulus
A gladiator who led a major slave rebellion.
Spartacus
Who defeated Hannibal?
Scipio Africanus
Officials who represented the plebeians and had the power to veto laws harmful to them.
tribune
A powerful governing body made up of patricians that advised consuls.
Roman Senate
What city did Constantine establish?
Constantinople
The queen of Egypt who had alliances with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.
Cleopatra
Where was Hannibal defeated?
Battle of Zama
It means "I forbid" in Latin and refers to blocking a law or action.
veto
Elected officials who helped run the Roman Republic by enforcing laws and leading the military.
magistrates
His extravagance and cruelty; allegedly "fiddling while Rome burned."
Nero