Government & Law
Two elected officials headed the executive branch and commanded the army, serving for just one year.
What are the Consuls?
Rome fought three devastating wars against this North African superpower city-state.
What is Carthage?
This term refers to the wealthy, land-pwning noble class of Rome.
Who are the Patricians?
The Roman military was organized into large infantry units, each consisting of about 5,000 heavily armed citizens.
What are Legions?
These two idealistic brothers attempted to pass land reforms laws to help the poor but were murdered by angry senators.
Who are the Gracchi Brothers? (Tiberius and Gaius)
What is the Senate?
This brilliant Carthaginian general famously marched war elephants across the Alps to invade italy.
Who is Hannibal?
The term refers to the ordinary citizen of Rome, including farmers, artisans, and merchants.
Who are the Plebians?
Crossing this small river in northern Italy with an army was an act of treason that triggered Julius Caesar's civil war.
What is the Rubicon?
This legendary general conquered Gaul, became Dictator for life, and was assassinated in the Senate.
Who is Julius Caesar?
Carved into bronze plaques around 450 BCE, this was Rome's first written code of laws.
What are the Twelve Tables?
This Roman general earned the nickname "Africanus" after defeating Carthage at the Battle of Zama.
Who is Scipio Africanus?
Term refers to people who were responsible for the Plebian.
Tribunes.
Very close friend of Julius Caesar whereas Julius though of him as his "son" just to then participate in the assassination of Caesar.
Who is Marcus Brutus?
This position was granted absolute power for up to 6 month during times of extreme military crisis.
What is a Dictator?
Hannibal completely surrounded and annihilated a massive Roman army at this legendary 216 BCE Battle.
What is the Battle of Cannae?
A close friend of Julius Caesar who praised him and, sought revenge for him.
Who is Mark Anthony?
These officials were elected specifically to protect the rights of the common people (plebians) and held veto power.
Who are the Tribunes?
Legends says that after destroying Carthage in the Third Punic War, Romans did this to the fields so crops would never grow again.
What is sowing the fields with salt?