Roman Society
Which group was made up of wealthy landowning families?
Patricians
What is a republic?
A government where people elect leaders
How long did a magistrate’s term last?
1 Year
Who were the two most powerful magistrates in Rome?
Consuls
Who made up the Roman Senate?
Former magistrates, usually wealthy patricians
Which group included free-born but often landless citizens?
Plebeians
What does the term tripartite government mean?
A government with three branches.
What requirement made a man eligible to become a magistrate?
Ten years of military service
Which officials counted citizens and controlled Senate membership?
Censors
Name one responsibility of the Senate.
Debating policy, controlling money, or foreign affairs
Which groups of people were NOT allowed to vote or participate in government?
Women, children, and enslaved people
Which branch of Roman government was similar to the U.S. Executive Branch?
Magistrates/Consuls
Which magistrate kept track of government money?
Quaestors
Which officials served as judges and could lead armies?
Praetors
Which assembly elected consuls and declared war?
Centuriate Assembly
What were the two main social classes of the Roman Republic?
Patricians and Plebeians
Which branch of Roman government was similar to the U.S. Legislative Branch?
Senate/Assemblies
Which magistrate could veto actions to protect plebeians?
Tribunes of the Plebs
Which officials governed Roman provinces?
Governors
Which council represented only plebeians?
Plebeian Council
Why did plebeians become unhappy during the “Struggle of Orders”?
Inequality, debt, and lack of political power
Why was separation of powers important in the Roman Republic?
Create checks and balances
Which magistrates had absolute power during emergencies, and how long did they serve?
Dictators, serving six months
Describe three responsibilities of Roman consuls.
Leading the government, commanding the military, and vetoing magistrates
What were the Twelve Tables and why were they important?
Written laws that protected all free citizens of Rome.