Key Terms
What is an empire?
A group of states or countries under a single supreme authority
What was Rome’s first type of government?
Monarchy
Who were the plebeians?
Regular citizens, including artisans and farmers
What year did the Western Roman Empire fall?
476 CE
Which river was closest to Rome?
Tiber
What is Romanization?
The process of making something more similar to ancient Roman styles, traditions, and beliefs.)
In what year was Rome founded?
753 BCE.)
What was the purpose of Roman roads?
To improve transportation, trade, and military movement
What economic problem contributed to Rome’s fall?
Tax struggles and inability to pay expenses
What large body of water did Rome expand around?
The Mediterranean Sea
What is a republic?
A political regime where power is shared and there are elected representatives
Which political institution helped govern during the Republic?
The Senate
How could someone EARN Roman citizenship?
By serving in the army for 25 years, purchasing it, or through the emperor’s decision
What was one reason the Roman army became weaker?
It relied on non-Roman mercenaries who were less loyal
Why did Rome conquer other lands?
For protection by eliminating enemies and for resources and taxes
What is polytheism?
The belief in more than one god
Who was the first emperor of Rome?
Augustus
Which language did they speak in Ancient Rome?
Latin
Who was the Germanic leader that overthrew Rome?
Odoacer
What is the main reason why Rome was able to expand?
A strong military
What is a province?
A territory conquered by the Roman Empire.
Who was assassinated by the Senate?
Julius Ceasar
Who could participate in Roman politics?
Only free male citizens
Who divided the Roman Empire into two parts?
Emperor Diocletian
Why would Rome conquer other territories?
to protect its power and to take advantage of foreign resources