Characteristics & Vocab
4 general characteristic of the romantic era
Emotion, imagination, individualism, nature
This composers influenced composers during the Romantic period with the music he wrote during the Classical and Romantic Era
Beethoven
How many types of program music were established during the romantic era?
4
Program Symphony, Concert Overture, Symphonic Poem, Incidental Music
New instruments established because of the Industrial Revolution
Saxophone, Tuba, Percussion Instruments
Piccolo, Bass Clarinet, English Horn
Music during the Romantic Period took inspirations from what?
Art & Literature
2 new types of musical form during the romantic period
Thorough Composed & Strophic
This composer was born in Vienna, wrote all types of music, played violin and piano and is well known for his program piece Erlkonig.
Franz Schubert
Music intended to be played before a play to set the mood for the drama. Ex: Wedding March
Incidental Music
Instrument used to write Nocturnes
Piano
The romantic period started and ended when
1820-1900
Groups of songs that are similar or have something in common.
Song Cycle
This Russian Composer did not start studying music until he was 21. He is well known for his program piece 1812 Overture and the music for the ballet The Nutcracker.
Peter Tchaikovsky
Instrumental music that does not associate with a story, poem, or idea
Absolute Music
Instrumentation in the orchestra grew from 60 to what because of the mass production and better instrument quality.
100
2 historical events happening in the romantic era
Civil War, Industrial Revolution, 1812 War, Invention of photography, telephone, 1st car, Statue of Liberty
Music written out of loyalty or love for your country. Examples: Folk songs and anthems
Nationalism
This Polish composer was one of the best piano players of the Romantic Period. He developed many Etudes and was well known for his Nocturnes.
Frederic Chopin
What did the canons represent in the 1812 Overture
Battle between France and Russia
What changes were done to brass instrument during the romantic period?
Valves were added. This helped expand the range and instruments were better in tune.
Who developed Program Music and the Symphonic Poem
Franz Liszt
Flexible tempo. Slight holding back or pressing forward, used to intensify a part of a song.
Rubato
Describe the "Russian 5"
5 men who worked together to create a distinct national style of classical music. 4 of the 5 were not musician, they composed in their free time.
How many hymns are heard during the 1812 Overture, and what do they stand for?
2
The first one is meant as a prayer for safety, the 2nd hymn towards the end is meant as prayers have been answered.
What are the 3 types of piano forms
Etude, Nocturne, Prelude
Since Individuality is important, What are some things a composer could do to make sure his music stood out?
-distinct sounds from new instruments, wide range of dynamics, chromatic harmony,