Geography and Early Civilization
a city-state in central Italy that became an advanced civilization in ~800 BCE and later a major empire
What is Rome?
type of government where people elect leaders to govern on their behalf
What is a republic? (or representative/indirect democracy)
A series of military conflicts between Rome and Carthage
Roman general and dictator who ended the Roman Republic and set the stage for the Roman Empire
Who is Julius Caesar?
these two gods are the Roman counterparts of Zeus and Hera
Who are Jupiter and Juno?
northern Italian civilization that began ~800 BCE that perfected arches and set the foundation for Roman culture
Who are the Etruscans?
3 branches of the Roman Republic government
What are executive, legislative and judicial?
Wanting to control this city was the cause of the First Punic War
What is Sicily?
these three people made up the First Triumvirate
Caesar, Pompey and Crassus
an irrigation channel that carried water from the country to the city using gravity
What is an aqueduct?
Trojan hero who legend says founded Rome with the help of the Latins after fleeing Troy
Who is Aeneus?
group of citizens who guided the writing and passage of laws in Roman assemblies
What is the Senate?
Famous Carthaginian general that led Carthage in the Second Punic War
Who is Hannibal?
this war was triggered when Caesar crossed the Rubicon with his army
What is Caesar's civil war?
Roman government's practice of giving free food and entertainment to prevent unrest
What is Bread and Circuses?
2 brothers who legend says was raised by a mother wolf and then grew up to fight each other with one of them eventually killing the other
Who are Romulus and Remus?
legal advisor or judge in the Roman courts
What is a praetor?
Rome turned the second Punic War in their favor by instigating _________ in Macedonia
What is a civil war?
this war was triggered when the senators assassinated Julius Caesar
What is the Liberator's civil war?
An armed fighter in Rome who was forced to fight, often to the death, for public entertainment
What is a gladiator?
two types of citizens in Ancient Rome
What are patricians and plebeians?
power in government is split into branches, each with powers over the other.
What are Checks and Balances?
This country won all 3 Punic Wars
Who is Rome?
these 2 people plotted to betray Octavian(Augustus Caesar)
Who are Mark Antony and Cleopatra?
This seaside port city was destroyed when Mt. Vesuvius erupted
What is Pompeii?