Random Again
What type of landform is Italy located on?
a peninsula
Important water ways that kept Rome powerful by providing water for many people in overcrowded cities
aqueducts
After the new capital was moved to the Eastern Empire, what did the emperor name it (it was named after the emperor)?
Constantinople
Who were the slaves and what did they do, how were they acquired?
lowest class of people
considered property to be bought and sold
They were acquired:
Some were prisoners from Rome’s conquests
Most were bought from foreign traders
Jobs- household work, agriculture, worked in mines... the educated ones were teachers, doctors, and managed owners businesses
contains tiny colored stone cubes set in mortar to create a picture or design
mosaic
Who were Romulus and Remus?
2 abandoned brothers, nursed by a she-wolf and raised by a shepherd, it is said that Romulus was the founder of Rome after he accidentally killed his brother Remus during a fight over whose wall was better.
Built with many layers to last over time, and made travel, trade and transport of soldiers more efficient
roads
Who made up the "assemblies" in the republic and what did they do?
the citizens of Rome, voted
Who were plebeians and where did they live/what did they do?
were the majority of citizens, many were often poor
Many worked on small farms
or worked manual labor for very low wages in the overcrowded cities.
How did gladiators get their name and where were the games held?
- from their short sword known as a gladius
- most were in the Colosseum
How did the Etruscans influence the Latins (later Romans)?
Laid out the city streets around a central square
Replaced mud huts with stone houses.
Built the first temples and public buildings.
Brought a new style of dress: cloaks and togas
Arches were used in buildings
Who was the Senate? What did they do?
They were older, wealthy men who gave advice, debated and proposed laws. Eventually, they would control the money of Rome. They served for a life time.
What happened to the Western Roman Empire (at the end?)
It was invaded by "barbarians" and divided into Germanic kingdoms.
Who were patricians and what did they do/where did they live?
- the wealthy class
Lived in houses in the cities. Also owned luxurious country estates (known as villas) that they would visit in the summer when it was hot.
- relied heavily on slaves to do their work
What was "Pax Romana" and how long did it last?
"Roman Peace" and it lasted approximately 200 years.
Military Reasons for the Decline of Rome:
- Rome struggled to defend its borders from invasions by Germanic tribes and other "barbarians."
- The military was stretched too thin
Political Reasons for Rome's Decline (list 2 for credit in the game):
Emperors changed frequently- many emperors were overthrown or assassinated
The army gained power and often chose emperors
Civil wars broke out between rival leaders
What happened to the Eastern Roman Empire?
It became the Byzantine Empire
"Commander in Chief" or "One Who Commands"
imperator
List 5 (be specific) of Augustus Caesar's accomplishments:
- brought 200 years of peace, known as the Pax Romana
- shrunk the military, paid them more, stationed them to 3 continents (Africa, Europe and Asia)
- put a standard currency in place for the empire
- expanded the empire
- allowed local leaders to lead
- the arts, literature and education flourished
- beautified and rebuilt Rome
- fed the poor (grain)
- made the tax system fair
- created laws in provinces to help govern people who were not Roman citizens at the time
Economic and Social Reasons for the Decline of Rome (list 2 for this game but know many):
Constant warfare disrupted trade
Food shortages
People were heavily taxed (many wealthy avoided paying)
Inflation (rise in cost) caused prices to rise and money to lose value
Coins were made with less gold, weakening the currency
People began bartering instead of using money
The gap between rich and poor grew, leading to unrest and crime
How could the size of Rome weaken it?
- it was difficult to run such a large area (3.5 million square miles)
-people started to shift their loyalty to local leaders and did not trust Rome
What were Diocletian's ideas to help the empire succeed?
1- divide the empire into two parts- Eastern and Western Empire
2- introduce reforms and help the economy
- fair tax laws, set wages and prices, told people they had to stay in their jobs
Where was the new capital of Rome moved to (location and body of water) and how did it help the new Eastern empire?
Byzantium along the Bosporus Strait
Easy access to resources and control of trade
What 3 branches made up the tripartite of the Roman Republic?
Consul, Assemblies and Senate