Start of Rome and Republic
Where is the city of Rome located? Name the modern-day country
Italy
What was the main governing body of the Republic?
The Senate
How did Julius Caesar die?
Stabbed by the Senate
What does Pax Romana mean?
Peace in Rome
Name one ECONOMIC reason why Rome fell.
•Large taxes on citizens
•Inflation – currency meant less
•Living conditions for average people declined
•Unemployment was high
•Trade was disrupted by military issues
What was one benefit of the Republic?
It was more fair and equal than a king
Who made up most of the Senate
Patricians - upper class
Why was Julius Caesar killed?
The Senate feared he would become too powerful and overthrow them
Who was the first Roman Emperor?
Octavian Augustus
Name one MILITARY reason why Rome fell.
•Soldiers had to be bribed to fight
•Civil wars were common to determine rulers
•Foreign enemies/invaders were winning
•Army kept declining in quality
•Less Roman citizens to join
•Skill of soldiers declined
•Quality of equipment declined
How did Rome get the money to expand their territory so much?
They took money from the people they conquered
Who were the lower class people in Roman society?
Plebians
What was Caesar's title when he was killed?
Dictator for life
What is an aqueduct?
A type of bridge designed to transport water
Name one POLITICAL reason why Rome fell.
•No reliable system for choosing emperors
•Government was very large and expensive to run
•Capital was moved out of city of Rome
•Government corruption
•Empire was divided in two
•Diocletian tried to split the empire to make it easier to run
How did Rome treat the people they conquered?
They assimilated them into Roman culture
Who were the upper class people in Roman Society?
Patricians
Who won the civil wars and took over after Julius Caesar died?
Octavian Augustus
Why did the Romans not like Jesus when he was alive?
People were becoming more loyal to Jesus than to Rome
Name one SOCIETAL reason why Rome fell.
•Citizens slowly lost freedoms
•Sense of Roman community disappeared
•Citizens stopped taking pride in being Roman
•Middle class disappeared
•Decrease in population
•Christianity – Christians were more devoted to their faith than the empire
Rome was NOT geographically isolated. How did this affect them?
Allowed them to expand
Why was Roman mythology so similar to Greek mythology?
Cultural diffusion
How did Caesar originally come to power?
Military leader who gained the loyalty of his army
What happened to the Senate during the Empire?
It still existed but lost all real power.
Name one EXTERNAL reason why Rome fell.
•Multiple invasions from Visigoths and Huns
•City of Rome is sacked in 410 AD
•Other neighboring powers grew