Root Cause Basics
A problem that does not fulfill a requirement.
Nonconformity
Which type of nonconformity is an isolated failure that is not systemic?
Minor Nonconformity
This tool organizes possible causes into categories such as Man, Machine, Method, Material, and Environment.
Cause-and-Effect (Fishbone) Diagram
This action eliminates the immediate problem.
Correction
ISO 9001 now uses this term instead of "documents" and "records."
Documented Information
According to RCA principles, we should focus on improving this rather than blaming individuals.
The system or process
A complete breakdown of a management system requirement is considered what?
Major Nonconformity
This questioning technique repeatedly asks the same question to uncover deeper causes.
Five Whys
This action prevents the problem from happening again.
Corrective Action
Evidence that activities were performed is called:
Retained Documented Information
This represents the visible part of a problem.
Symptom
A KPI target was not achieved. This is an example of what source of nonconformity?
Process Nonconformity
After identifying possible causes, this table is used to confirm which causes are actually valid.
Validation Table
Which tool is commonly used to compare several corrective action alternatives using weighted criteria?
Decision Matrix
Which document describes the specified way of performing a process?
Procedure
A recurring problem usually indicates this has not been properly identified.
Root Cause
A finding that is close to becoming a nonconformity but may not require RCA.
Audit Observation
In a Fishbone Diagram, which category would "SOP does not require verification" most likely belong to?
Method
Which analysis identifies forces that support and resist a proposed change?
Force Field Analysis
Which support document gives detailed instructions for performing one specific task?
Work Instruction
According to the training, a good root cause must be something management can ________.
Control or influence
This type of finding identifies practices that could be improved even if requirements are currently met.
Opportunity for Improvement (OFI)
True or False:
Every possible cause identified in a Fishbone Diagram automatically becomes a root cause.
False
Before implementing a corrective action, what should always be confirmed?
That the true root cause has been verified
When a controlled document is revised, what should happen to the previous version?
It should be retrieved or marked obsolete according to document control procedures.