Function of Roots
When we say a root is "anchored" with the root, what does that mean?
Supporting the plant, helping it remain stable.
where do cells become specialized?
zone of maturation
This vascular tissue transports water.
Xylem
What compound do nodules create in soil?
Nitrates
What are the two main type of root systems? (Think about when we went outside and pulled roots to examine).
Taproot and Fibrous
What 2 things does a root store?
Water and Food
Where exactly do cells divide quickly, creating rapid root growth.
Apical meristem
This vascular tissue transports sugar.
Phloem
Why is a prop root important for structure/anchorage? (be specific).
Plants that grow in a vertical direction (like corn), must have extra support at the base so it does not tip/lean as it grows talls.
When the xylem and phloem create an "X" shape, it is a _________ root.
Dicot
What two things does a root conduct throughout the plant?
Food and water
What is the reason for the exponential growth of the root in the zone of elongation?
Vacuoles filling with water.
DAILY DOUBLE This vascular tissue is made up of dead cells.
Xylem
What is the specific name for an aerial root specialized for gaseous exchange (in swampy areas).
Pneumatophore
What are the three zones of the structure of a root?
Meristematic zone
(aka “zone of cellular division)
Zone of elongation
Zone of maturation
What two things does a root absorb?
Water and food
The root cap is responsible for what 3 things?
Protecting the root tip, piercing soil, releasing mucilage.
This vascular system can go multiple ways around the plant.
Phloem
Why are buttress roots so important in the rain forest?
The soil is not nutrient dense, but the forest floor is. Buttress roots are long and shallow and allow for absorption.
A vine is considered to have what type of root?
Aerial
Anchorage, Storage, Conduction are all functions of a root. What is the last one?
Absorption
What in the zone of maturation: increases absorption surface area, absorbs water/nutrients, and is really fragile.
Root hairs
When the xylem's water mixes with the phloem's sugar, this is created.
Sap
What two things does a contractile root help a plant accomplish?
2. Push soil away making it easier for movement.
What parasitic structure grows into or around another structure to absorb water or nutrients.
Haustoria