Armillaria
Tomentosus
Annosum
Rhizina
Black Stain
100
code for armillaria.
What is DRA
100
code for tomentous
What is DRT
100
code for annosum
What is DRN
100
Code for Rhizina
What is DRR
100
Code for Black stain
What is DRB
200
Host and Range
What is follows Fd in BC, other hosts include Bx,Sx,Hw
200
Hosts
What is high=Sx, Moderate=Pl (if with Sx) pines
200
Host species
What is Hemlock, Balsam, Spruce primarily
200
Host and Range of rhizina
What is range of coast and interior wetbelt and attacks conifer seedlings. Acidic old growth forests after a burn to make site sterile.
200
Infection and spread.
What is spread at about 1 to 2 meters per year in BC and infection is vectorised by insects (bark beetles).
300
Difference between coast and southern interior
What is coast is not too concerned (doesn't kill trees older then 15), southern interior have it everywhere and have to manage as it can kill trees after 15 years.
300
Signs and symptons include...
What is typical root rot symotons, windthrow in criss cross pattern (pines tend to remain standing), decay has a red-brown stain and large rot pits. rot in shape of "canoe" or "honeycome", fruiting bodies are leathery, tan colour that look like a velvet conk.
300
Infection and spread via...
What is spores as primary wound invaders and root contact
300
Signs and symoptons of Rhizina.
What is fruiting body that appears like a "oozing brain" or "bear scat", girdled seedlinigs underground, yellow/white rhizoids.
300
Damge from black stain.
What is mortality, fast deaths because tree will try to block it out and in doing so blocks its self off as well as fungi has toxic effects.
400
explaination of flare up and concerns.
What is inoculum potential which increases as tree dies (esp. when cut down) because then fighting gets a lot easier so must be careful when brushing, spacing, etc.
400
Management for during harvest time
What is favor alt. species during planting, stump or push over harvest, or avoidance planting
400
2 strands and their ability to travel on roots.
What is Pine stand which can travel acorss roots well, and Spruce strand that has limited ability to travel on roots.
400
Why are the rhizoids white instead of black like armillaria
What is beacuse the sites of rhizoids are sterile where armillaria sites arent
400
Signs and symptons.
What is typical root rot symptons, black stain at base(useful if tree is live with red needles), weevil activity in the root collar.
500
Management strategies for juvenile spacing in the southern interior.
What is in low conditions: favor alt. species, moderate: ONLY IF OVER MAX DENSITY then favor alt. species (<20% susc. trees), push over or stump, High: do nothing, accpet reduced stocking, if MUST then favor a lot of alt. species(concern of flare up).
500
Management considerations for juvenile spacing
What is Low: go for it!, Mod: ok if susc. species makes up less then 40% stand, High: consult regional pathologist.
500
Management considerations for harvest and juvenile spacing times.
What is harvest: dont bother stumping because of spores, Juvenile spacing: treate the stumps so can't invade...only in some areas do we worry.
500
Mangement considerations for harvest time and juvenile spacing.
What is none, disease is too sporatic to worry about.
500
Management considerations at harvesting and juvenile spacing.
What is Harvest=nothing except favor mixed species planting. JS=timing in summer because not flight period and will dry out stumps, no JS centres and have a 10m buffer if find it (leave the trees to form buffer).
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