Early Thinkers
He opened the first psychology laboratory
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
Perspective that emphasizes growth, free will, and personal potential. Sometimes referred to as the third force in psychology
What is humanistic psychology?
A testable prediction often derived from a theory.
What is a hypothesis?
Correlation shows ______, but not causation.
What is a relationship or association?
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
What is psychology?
The school of thought that focused on breaking mental processes into basic elements.
What is structuralism?
What is the Perspective that examines how people encode, store, and retrieve information? AKA mental processes
What is the cognitive perspective?
A carefully worded statement of what each variable means in a study. For example defining love.
What is an operational definition?
A positive correlation means what happens to two variables?
What is they increase or decrease together?
The debate over whether traits are shaped by genes or experience.
What is nature vs. nurture?
William James promoted this perspective, emphasizing how mental processes help us adapt.
What is functionalism?
Perspective that studies how natural selection influences behavior and mental processes.
What is evolutionary psychology?
Type of study that observes people in their natural environments
What is naturalistic observation?
A chart with points going down and to the right shows this type of correlation.
What is negative correlation?
Repeating a study to see if the results can be repeated
What is replication?
This perspective emphasized unconscious drives and childhood experiences
What is psychoanalysis?
Perspective that looks at how culture and social context influence behavior.
What is the sociocultural perspective?
The variable that the researcher manipulates to see its effect on the dependent variable.
What is the independent variable?
Assigning participants to groups by chance to reduce bias
What is random assignment?
The principle that psychological science must rely on observation and evidence.
What is empiricism?
The study of observable behavior without reference to mental processes.
What is behaviorism?
Perspective focused on how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences.
What is the biological perspective?
When both participants and experimenters don’t know who gets the treatment.
What is a double-blind design/procedure?
The variable measured to see if the independent variable = had an effect.
What is the dependent variable?
Ethical rule requiring that participants be told enough to decide whether to join a study.
What is informed consent?