Vocab
War Bonds
People loaned their money to the government, and they pay you back + interest later
What is the Treaty of Versailles? What did it do/promise?
Was the treaty that ended the War:
1. Germany had to accept 100% of the blame
2. Germany's military was dismantled
3. Germany had to pay $33 Billion
4. Germany lost land
What country did Woodrow Wilson represent in the Paris Peace Conference and what did he campaign for?
U.S.A: Wanted a "just peace" based on his Fourteen Points plan to prevent future wars.
Who are the Allied Powers?
Who are the Central Powers?
B. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
Why did America want to stay neutral and out of WWI?
Most Americans wanted to stay out of Europe's bloody conflict, viewing it as a European problem
What is trench warfare?
a form of land combat where opposing armies fight and defend from deep ditches dug into the ground to protect against superior firepower
What was the Zimmerman Telegram?
British intelligence intercepted a secret coded telegram sent by Germany to Mexico: Germany offered to help Mexico reconquer lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona if Mexico agreed to attack the United States.
What country did Georges Clemenceau represent in the Paris Peace Conference? And what did he try to push for?
France: Wanted to harshly punish and weaken Germany so it could never attack France again.
What were the reasons for WWI?
1. The assassination of Austria-Hungary Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian Nationalist
2. Austria- Hungary threatens Serbia (which was also a threat to Russia). France is mad because they have an alliance with Russia
3. Germany wanted to expand their empire and decided to fight against Russia
4. Germany invaded France (passing through Belgium) angering England
What happened to American factories during WWI?
They were turned into war plants, producing resources for the military
The League of Nations
It was an international forum designed to settle conflicts through diplomacy rather than war. Member nations promised to protect each other from aggression. If a country broke the peace, the League could use economic sanctions (stopping trade) to pressure them.
What country becomes independent after WWI?
Poland
What country did David Lloyd George represent in the Paris Peace Conference? What did he campaign for?
Great Britain: Sought a compromise – punish Germany, but maintain it as a trading partner.
What were three big events/reasons that the U.S entered the war?
1. The Zimmerman Telegram
2. German submarine warfare
3. The sinking of the Lusitania
What were three different formats that the U.S government used to display pro-America propaganda during WWI?
1. pro-war speeches
2. posters created by top American artists
3. war films
Who was Robert Prager?
A German immigrant outside of Chicago who was lynched by a mob of 200+ people after they demanded him to sing the Star-Spangled Banner and he couldn’t. He was an example of the rising anti-German sentiment that was created in America during WWI.
How did WWI help the women's suffrage movement?
Over a million women entered industrial jobs that were previously closed to them which undermined anti-suffrage arguments
What country did Vittorio Orlando represent in the Paris Peace Conference? And what did he try to campaign for?
Italy: Wanted to gain new territories promised to Italy during the war.
Why did Russia withdrawal from WWI?
The Bolshevik Revolution: The Russian people revolted in 1917, overthrowing their leader, Tsar Nicholas II. Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks seized power by promising peace, making an immediate exit from World War I their top priority.
What happened to the IWW during WWI?
Anti-radical fear led to crackdowns on leftist groups like the IWW: Most of the country was working in the war industry, so anyone who dared to strike during this time would be seen as German sympathizers
War Industries Board (WIB)
A government agency established during World War I to manage production, dictate factory output, allocate raw materials, etc.
What did the Espionage Act (1917) & Sedition Act (1918) do?
These Acts made it federal crimes to…
1. interfere with the draft
2. be anti-American/anti-war effort: use "disloyal, profane, or scurrilous language" about the U.S. government, flag, or military
Marcelino Serna
Was a Mexican-American WWI soldier who became a celebrated war veteran. He is an example of how immigrants helped America win the war
The Great War started in Europe, so why do we call it a World War?
It was a war between Empires
What was the official propaganda agency of the U.S for WWI called?
The Committee on Public Information (CPI)