Muscle Contraction Process
The name of the contractile unit of a muscle that shortens during muscle contraction
What is a sarcomere?
This is the largest muscle in the human body, responsible for extending the knee and flexing the hip
What is the quadriceps femoris (quads)?
This is the primary function of the nervous system
What is to transmit and process information throughout the body?
This is the largest part of the human brain, responsible for voluntary muscle movements and higher cognitive functions
What is the cerebrum?
The term for the long, cable-like extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons or sensory receptors
What are dendrites?
The two protein filaments that make up the structural components of a sarcomere
What are actin (thin filaments) and myosin (thick filaments)?
This is the muscle located on the anterior side of the upper arm, responsible for flexing the forearm
What is the biceps brachii?
These 2 major divisions make up the human nervous system, responsible for voluntary and involuntary actions
What are the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
This is the central relay station for sensory information, located between the spinal cord and the thalamus
What is the hypothalamus?
These ions play a crucial role in the generation of an action potential across the membrane
What are sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions?
The neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting signals from a motor neuron to a muscle cell at the neuromuscular junction
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
This muscle, located in the chest, is responsible for adducting and internally rotating the arm and is commonly exercised in push-ups
What is the pectoralis major?
This is the basic functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon
What is a neuron?
The occipital lobe is responsible for...
What is eyesight and visual processing?
The threshold of a nerve impulse is...
What is the minimum stimulus needed to generate an action potential, causing a neuron to transmit an electrical impulse?
Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle cell membrane and the immediate effect inside the muscle cell is
What is a rapid influx of calcium ions into the sarcoplasm?
This muscle is located on the posterior side of the lower leg and is commonly known as the "calf muscle"
What is the gastrocnemius?
The three types of neurons that are based on their functions in transmitting nerve impulses
What are sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons?
The medulla oblongata's location and function is...
What part of the brainstem is responsible for regulating essential functions such as breathing and heartbeat?
Identify the three main components of a reflex arc and briefly describe the role of each
What are the sensory neuron (receives stimulus and sends signals to the spinal cord), interneuron (processes signals within the spinal cord), and motor neuron (transmits signals to the effector organ or muscle)?
The role of ATP in the process of muscle contraction and relaxation
What is providing energy for the cross-bridge cycling and actively transporting calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
This is the broad muscle on the back that extends and adducts the arm, commonly referred to as the "swimmer's muscle"
What is the latissimus dorsi?
Synapses are..
What is the term for the tiny gaps between adjacent neurons where neurotransmitters facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses?
The amygdala's role is...
Which brain structure plays a key role in emotional responses and memory formation?
This is the purpose of the reflex arc in terms of the body's response to external stimuli
What is providing a rapid, automatic response to a stimulus, helping protect the body from potential harm?