MRSA
The most common body site that is sampled to detect colonization by MRSA in hospitalized patients.
What is the nares?
The most commonly Enterococcus species causing infections.
What is Enterococcus faecalis?
What the acronym ESBL stands for in clinical microbiology.
What is extended-spectrum beta-lactamase?
The expected Gram stain appearance of P. aeruginosa.
The spherule form of this dimorphic fungus, which causes Valley fever, is seen in tissue infections, classically bearing endospores and found in a suppurative, granulomatous inflammatory background.
What is Coccidioides immits/posadasii?
This protein produced by MRSA confers resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems by having decreased affinity to these antibiotics compared to MSSA.
What is PBP2a?
What is vanA or vanB?
One of the 4 organisms for which phenotypic ESBL testing can be used with accuracy.
What is E. coli, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, and P. mirabilis?
The oxidase reaction expected of P. aeruginosa.
What is positive?
Cave explorers (spelunkers) may expose themselves to bat feces containing this dimoprhic fungus, endemic to the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, parts of Central and South America, as well as other areas of the world.
What is Histoplasma capsulatum?
The predominant resistance mechanisms for methicillin resistance in S. aureus is encoded by this gene.
What is mecA?
(other mechanisms include mecB and mecC).
The most common enterococcal species to be VRE.
What is E. faecium?
The drug class of choice for treating serious infections caused by ESBL-producing organism.
What are the carbapenems?
The type of infection known in connection with P. aeruginosa and hot tubs.
What is folliculitis?
The yeast of this dimorphic fungus as seen in infected tissues is characterized by broad-based budding and cells that are 15-30 µm in diameter.
What is Blastomyces dermatitidis?
The antibiotic that is considered the best surrogate in susceptibility testing of S. aureus in determining MRSA vs. MSSA.
What is cefoxitin?
Of the antibiotics: ampicillin, gentamicin, cephalexin, and clindamycin, the one which is considered potentially effective against enterococci.
What is ampicillin?
Enterococci are intrinsically resistant to: cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, clindamycin, and TMP/SMX.
What is 3rd generation cephalosporin?
Ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime
Also aztreonam
The atmospheric growth requirement of P. aeruginosa.
What is obligate aerobe?
Rose gardener's disease is caused by inoculation of the skin and soft tissue by this dimorphic fungus which can lead to an open wound or ulcer and local lymphadenopathy.
What is Sporothrix schenckii?
The primary mode of transmission of MRSA.
What is contact (with infected people or fomites)?
One of the Enterococcus species that is intrinsically resistant to vancomycin.
What is E. gallinarum or E. casseliflavus?
The mechanism of genetic transfer responsible for the majority of the spread of ESBL mechanism between bacteria.
What is conjugation?
One of the few cephalosporins known to have clinical activity against P. aerugionsa.
Also, newer agents: cefidericol, ceftolozane/tazobactam
This dimorphic fungus, formerly of the genus Penicillium, most notably causes infections in HIV-positive individuals who have traveled to Southeast Asia.