Indications
Ritonavir is primarily used to treat which condition?
A. Bacterial meningitis
B. Peptic ulcer disease
C. HIV infection
D. Angina
C. HIV infection (viral infection)
Which vital sign should the nurse closely monitor before and after administering nitroglycerin?
A. Temperature
B. Heart rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Respiratory rate
C. Blood pressure (hypotension risk)
Which is a common side effect of nitroglycerin?
A. Severe rash
B. Persistent headache
C. Bradycardia
D. Seizures
B. Persistent headache
Patients on omeprazole should be taught to:
A. Stop medication if heartburn returns
B. Take before meals, preferably in the morning
C. Take only as needed
D. Crush the capsule for faster absorption
B. Take before meals, preferably in the morning
Before giving ampicillin, the nurse should check for:
A. Hypertension
B. Allergy to penicillins or cephalosporins
C. Renal function only
D. Asthma history
B. Allergy to penicillins or cephalosporins
Ampicillin is indicated for which of the following?
A. Viral infections
B. Bacterial infections such as respiratory or urinary tract infections
C. Fungal infections
D. Hypertension
B. Bacterial infections such as respiratory or urinary tract infections
Which laboratory values are most important to monitor with ampicillin therapy?
A. Liver function tests and CBC for signs of superinfection or allergic response
B. Amylase and lipase
C. Electrolytes only
D. Troponin
A. Liver function tests and CBC
Which is a serious adverse effect of ampicillin that requires immediate intervention?
A. Mild nausea
B. Skin rash
C. Anaphylaxis with airway swelling
D. Transient diarrhea
C. Anaphylaxis with airway swelling
Which teaching is appropriate for a patient prescribed ampicillin?
A. Stop medication when symptoms improve
B. Take with food to minimize GI upset and complete the full course
C. Skip doses when feeling better
D. Avoid fluids
B. Take with food to minimize GI upset and complete the full course
The nurse is about to administer nitroglycerin. Which action is appropriate?
A. Apply without gloves
B. Assess BP and hold if systolic <90 mm Hg
C. Massage ointment into skin vigorously
D. Skip BP check if patient is asymptomatic
B. Assess BP and hold if systolic <90 mm Hg
Omeprazole is prescribed to manage which condition? A. Asthma
B. Peptic ulcer disease and GERD
C. HIV
D. Hypertension
B. Peptic ulcer disease and GERD
What baseline lab is essential before starting ritonavir therapy?
A. Creatinine
B. Liver function tests
C. TSH
D. Amylase
B. Liver function tests (can cause hepatotoxicity)
Which adverse effect of ritonavir requires notifying the provider?
A. Mild fatigue
B. Slight increase in appetite
C. Jaundice and elevated liver enzymes
D. Headache
C. Jaundice and elevated liver enzymes
Which is an important teaching point for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets?
A. Swallow immediately with water
B. Take while lying or sitting to prevent falls
C. Take with milk
D. Avoid reporting chest pain after use
B. Take while lying or sitting to prevent falls
A patient on ritonavir develops jaundice. The nurse’s priority action is to:
A. Document and continue therapy
B. Hold the dose and notify the provider
C. Administer another antiviral
D. Encourage increased fluids
B. Hold the dose and notify the provider
Nitroglycerin is primarily indicated for which situation? A. Heart failure due to fluid overload
B. Chest pain due to myocardial ischemia
C. Cardiac arrhythmias
D. Stroke prevention
B. Chest pain due to myocardial ischemia
Which lab/vital sign combination is most appropriate for omeprazole?
A. Blood glucose & temp
B. CBC for anemia & signs of GI bleeding
C. ABGs & O2 sats
D. Potassium only
B. CBC for anemia & signs of GI bleeding (risk of masking symptoms, long-term use may lower magnesium)
Long-term omeprazole use may increase the risk of which adverse outcome?
A. Osteoporosis and fractures
B. Anemia
C. Seizures
D. Hyperkalemia
A. Osteoporosis and fractures
Patients taking ritonavir should be advised to:
A. Avoid grapefruit juice and adhere strictly to the regimen
B. Skip doses when feeling well
C. Take on an empty stomach only
D. Stop if mild nausea occurs
A. Avoid grapefruit juice and adhere strictly to the regimen
When administering omeprazole, which nursing action is correct?
A. Give with antacids at the same time
B. Administer before meals on an empty stomach
C. Crush delayed-release capsules
D. Give only at bedtime
B. Administer before meals on an empty stomach
Which combination correctly matches each drug to its primary therapeutic goal?
A. Ritonavir–decrease stomach acid, Ampicillin–vasodilation, Omeprazole–antiviral, Nitroglycerin–antibiotic
B. Ritonavir–antiviral, Ampicillin–antibiotic, Omeprazole–acid suppression, Nitroglycerin–vasodilation
C. Ritonavir–antibiotic, Ampicillin–acid suppressant, Omeprazole–vasodilator, Nitroglycerin–antiviral
D. All of the above
B. Ritonavir–antiviral, Ampicillin–antibiotic, Omeprazole–acid suppression, Nitroglycerin–vasodilation
A patient taking nitroglycerin and a beta-blocker has a BP of 86/54 mm Hg and HR 52. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer the nitroglycerin dose as scheduled
B. Notify the provider and hold the dose
C. Give fluids and reassess in 1 hr
D. Ignore the vitals
B. Notify the provider and hold the dose (risk of profound hypotension/bradycardia)
A patient develops hypotension, syncope, and tachycardia after nitroglycerin administration. Which is the most likely adverse reaction?
A. Rebound hypertension
B. Severe vasodilation leading to cardiovascular collapse
C. Bradycardia from vagal stimulation
D. Allergic reaction
B. Severe vasodilation leading to cardiovascular collapse
Which teaching statement indicates the need for further instruction for a patient prescribed nitroglycerin?
A. “I will store tablets in their original dark container.”
B. “I can take up to three tablets, 5 minutes apart for chest pain, and call 911 if pain persists.”
C. “I should use this medication with sildenafil for better effect.”
D. “I may get a headache after taking it.”
C. “I should use this medication with sildenafil for better effect.”
(contraindicated—risk of severe hypotension)
Which combination of responsibilities is correct for these medications?
A. Ritonavir—monitor liver, Ampicillin—allergy check, Omeprazole—timing before meals, Nitro—monitor BP & chest pain
B. Ritonavir—check BP, Ampicillin—give with nitrates, Omeprazole—give with food, Nitro—monitor potassium
C. All meds—give with milk
D. None of the above
A. Ritonavir—monitor liver, Ampicillin—allergy check, Omeprazole—timing before meals, Nitro—monitor BP & chest pain