Enzymes
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
DNA
Protein Synthesis
Random
100
Why are enzymes important to the cell?
The speed up chemical reactions in the cell.
100
What organisms can perform photosynthesis?
Plants (autotrophs)
100
What organisms can perform cellular respiration?
Animals and plants
100
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribose nucleic acid
100
Which cell organelles are needed to make a protein?
Nucleus, Ribosomes, ER, and Golgi body
100
What is ATP?
Molecule found in all living cells that provides energy for life's function
200
What does it mean if an enzyme "denatures"?
The enzyme's shape has become damaged and can no longer bond to its substrate. It is no longer able to function
200
What is photosynthesis?
The process of turning light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose (sugar).
200
What is cellular respiration?
The process of turning glucose (sugar) into energy in the form of ATP
200
What is the monomer (subunit) for DNA?
Nucleotide
200
What is the role of the nucleus in protein synthesis?
DNA is used as a template to build mRNA
200
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
The reactants of photosynthesis are the products of cellular respiration and products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.
OR
Photosynthesis produces the glucose needed for cellular respiration and cellular respiration produces the carbon dioxide and water needed for photosynthesis.
300
What causes enzymes to denature?
pH ranges or temperatures outside its optimal (best) conditions (too low or too high).
300
What is the equation for photosynthesis (inputs and outputs)?
Carbon dioxide + Water + sunlight = glucose (sugar) and oxygen.
Chemical equation also accepted
300
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Glucose (sugar) + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + ATP energy
Chemical equation also accepted
300
What are the components (parts) of a nucleotide
Sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate, and a nitrogen base
300
what is the role of the Golgi body in protein synthesis?
to package and ship out proteins
300
What is the name of the process that joins monomers (subunits) into polymers?
Dehydration Synthesis
400
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is something that reduces the activation energy or the energy needed to complete a reaction. The reaction then takes less time to occur (the reaction is faster).
400
Where does photosynthesis happen in the cell?
In the chloroplast
400
Where does cellular respiration happen in the cell?
The mitochondria
400
What are the nitrogen bases in DNA? What are their base pairs
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine.
A = T, C=G
400
What is the process that translates mRNA into an amino acid chain?
Translation
400
What is the name of the process that breaks polymers into monomers using water to break the bonds?
Hydrolysis
500
Look at the diagram.
What does A, B, and C represent?
A-substrate, B- Products, C-enzyme
500
If you increase the inputs of photosynthesis, what would happen to the rate of photosynthesis?
The rate of photosynthesis would increase (photosynthesis would happen more).
500
How does the structure of the mitochondria aid in cellular processes?
The folding of the inner membrane creates more surface area (space) for more ATP to be created.
500
What is the shape of DNA
Double helix
500
What is the process that transcribes DNA into mRNA?
Transcription
500
What is a lysosome?
Cell organelle that breaks down molecules in the cell's cytoplasm.