Lecture 1
What is OB?
What is the field of behavioural science devoted to understanding, explaining and improving the attitudes and behaviours of individuals and groups in an organization.
What is the Five Factor Model (OCEAN)
What is openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
What does SMART goals stand for?
What is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Result-based, and Time sensitive
What are traits of an autocratic leader
-Provide directions
-Act as sole expert
-Do not seek input
-Do not encourage suggestions
How many CEOS of fortune 500 companies are women
52
What are the two primary outcomes in O.B?
What are job performance and organizational commitment.
What does communion striving link to and what does it mean?
Agreeableness. Strong desire to obtain acceptance in personal relationships.
Explain the stages of hedonic adaptation.
What is shifting adaptation levels, and desensitization?
Name a CON of a transformational leader
Can result in blind allegiance (no one questions the leader’s plans/ideas)
They can lead to excessive risk-taking (because everyone is enamored with the leader and their vision)
Which entrepreneur is used in the textbook to describe "Charisma"?
Steve Jobs
Name 3 of the 5 OB research methods
•Observation
•Interviews
•Existing Cases/Case
Studies/Archival Data Analyses
•Surveys, Questionnaires
•Experiments
What are 2 cons of the MBTI?
What is unable to predict job satisfaction and commitment of employees. People can also lie
What is the difference between Extrinsic motivation (+consequence) and Intrinsic Motivation?
Extrinsic motivation are external reasons for wanting to achieve a goal, a consequence is the crowding out effect (when promised a reward for completing an activity, we lose an intrinsic desire to perform that task)
intrinsic motivation are internal reasons for wanting to achieve a goal.
Explain what the double bind is?
Women face a paradox in leadership. If they adopt masculine traits (assertiveness, toughness), they are often disliked. If they adopt feminine traits (nurturing, communal), they are seen as too soft for leadership.
What was the unanticipated consequence of Street cleaners being paid per pound for the garbage they
pick up
They started to increase the weight of their garbage by adding bricks to be paid more
what are the cons of relying on human intuition?
Relying on gut feelings can lead to inaccurate decisions because intuition is often biased and not based on systematic evidence.
What are the 3 ways we can measure someones personality? (discussed in class)
What is self-report personality questionnaires, informant ratings, and personality antifacts
Explain expectancy theory and how it motivates employees?
The theory suggests that people are motivated when they believe their effort will lead to good performance (expectancy), performance will lead to rewards (instrumentality), and those rewards are valuable (valence)
How to reach gender equality?
Change/Counter the Stereotypes (about women/ mothers; leadership; how leaders are selected so that such biases are not influential)
What do agreeable people prioritize?
They prioritize communion striving.
Explain the difference between correlation and causation
when two variables are correlated, it does not mean one causes the other. This distinction is important in OB research to avoid drawing false conclusions
Does personality matter in organizations, and what does it depend on?
It depends on the strength of the situation and when personality is relevant to the role
Based on what we know about intrinsic and extrinsic incentives, how can organizations design incentive structures to enhance employee performance?
Organizations should use extrinsic rewards (e.g.,
money) to motivate work that is not intrinsically
motivated.
Which kind of leadership emphasizes the approach of "carrot-and-stick" to motivate the employees?
Transactional Leadership
What is the definition of Instrumentality?
The belief that successful performance will result in the attainment of some outcomes.