Intro to OB
QUESTION: The field of behavioural science devoted to understanding, explaning, and improving the attitudes and behaviours of individuals and groups in organizations.
Organizational Behaviour
QUESTION: This personality test sorts people into 16 possible "types" but lacks proper reliaiblity and validity
MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator)
QUESTION: Some people’s motivation comes from factors like money, praise, status, or others’ expectations. What do we call this type of motivation?
Extrinsic motivation
QUESTION: This occurs when a team's combined output exceeds what individuals could achieve alone.
Group Synergy
QUESTION: Throughout a workplace, there is a common story of how the company was founded that all the employees know and learn.
Artifact
QUESTION: This effect makes it so that we can't just look at those who succeeded, we also need to look at those who failed
Survivorship Bias
QUESTION: According to the Big 5 model, which trait means you are more drawn to social interaction and stimulation?
Extraversion
QUESTION: In Goal Setting Theory, what are the two characteristics of goals that will result in higher levels of performance and maximize intensity and persistence of effort?
Specific and Difficult
QUESTION: Team members in a creative agency freely share their bold ideas and admit to errors during meetings, knowing no one will judge them harshly.
Psychological Safety
QUESTION: Someone walks up to a department store before opening and sees a long line of eager customers waiting. Without asking what is going on, the person goes to the back of the line and waits their turn, only to find out that the line was for a special product release that they did not want.
Conformity (informational conformity is the best answer)
QUESTION: In a team, members feel that one will not be punished or humiliated for ideas, questions, concerns, or mistakes. This team has a high degree of...
Psychological Safety
QUESTION: According to mindset research, students praised for being “smart” often avoid challenges, praised for working hard embrace them. This illustrates the powerful difference between these two mindsets
Fixed mindset and Growth mindset
QUESTION: Generally, does motivation have a very strong positive relationship with organizational commitment?
It has a moderate positive relationship, not strong
QUESTION: A software development team is working on a tight deadline, where several members decide to reduce their individual effort on shared coding tasks because they figure their colleagues will pick up the slack, and the overall project won't suffer noticeably.
Social Loafing
QUESTION: An employee works on a specific product line for years, managing and building it from the ground up. Years later, this employee works their way up through the ranks and becomes CEO of the company. When choosing which product line to shut down for underperformance, the CEO naturally favours the line they worked on and hesitates to let it be shut down.
Effort justification
QUESTION: if the team clearly define roles and leverage expertise to focus on how to get the best result, this team is ...
Outcome-Based
QUESTION: In the Job Characteristics Model, these three elements (skill variety, task identity, and task significance) together contribute to this key psychological state that drives motivation
Experienced meaningfulness of work
QUESTION: In the American Life Car Dealership example we saw in class, both Jason and Bob know that sales lead to commission. But Jason sees the money, pride, and mastery as exciting, while Bob views the same rewards as draining and not worth the stress. According to the Expectancy Theory, which element explains why the same outcome motivates one but not the other?
Valence
QUESTION: A company-wide strategy meeting was held at a large retail firm. One of the influential managers strongly advocates for a new loyalty program, and although there are some initial doubts about its feasibility due to budget constraints, the group quickly agrees without further debate to avoid conflict.
Groupthink
QUESTION: How does normative conformity differ from informational conformity?
Normative only leads to compliance, not internal acceptance.
QUESTION: the three factors necessary for causation are 1. correlation 2. temporal antecedence, and 3?
No third factor driving both
QUESTION: The Minnesota Twin Study showed that many traits, including political attitudes and hobbies, are significantly influenced by this factor, which accounts for about 40–60% of personality differences.
Heritability
QUESTION: The French in Hanoi once paid citizens for rat tails to curb an infestation. Instead of solving the problem, rat hunters became rat farmers to earn more rewards. This illustrates which motivation pitfall, where financial incentives end up making the problem worse rather than better?
Money can backfire as a motivator/ Money crowds out intrinsic motivation
QUESTION: A new product line was rolled out at an e-commerce company. John, who has been working there for several years, privately attributes the success primarily to his own innovative ideas and hard work. He undervalues the contributions made by his peers.
Egocentric Reference
QUESTION: Someone is hanging out with their closest friends and they all want to go to a new restaurant that is pretty expensive. They do not have the money to afford this but decide to give in anyway as they are afraid of appearing broke. What are the two components of social conformity that can cause this.
When others are similar and When the behaviour is visible