Definitions
Placing a suspect in a group, either in person or with photos for the purpose of being viewed by a victim or witness for identification purposes.
What is a lineup
If police search a home without a warrant and find a key to a locker at a nearby bus station, a search of the locker would be considered this
What is Fruit of the poisonous tree
Suspects with a violent criminal history might justify this type of search warrant
What is a "No knock" warrant
If the grand jury determines that there is enough probable cause in a case they hand down a what?
An indictment
3 types of fingerprints
Loop, Arch and Whorl
Emergency or urgent circumstances
What are Exigent circumstances
An officer ask a suspect who is in custody "where did you put the body?" however, did not advise him of his Miranda rights. The suspect tells him the location of the body which is is plain sight and other officers are already at the location close to the body and would have discovered it anyway is an example of this
What is inevitable discovery rule
You must obtain this if you want to look at any information a suspects phone.
What is a search warrant
95% of cases are settled by what?
Plea bargains
The most common method used when carrying out the death penalty
What is lethal injection
Grounds or fields attached to a house
What is curtilage
Officers respond to a domestic dispute and as one of the individuals involved in the dispute answers the door, the officer observes a large plastic bag with white powder in it. The officer can seize the bag and make an arrest because of this
What is plain view doctrine
A sole occupant of a vehicle is stopped by police and arrested on an outstanding warrant. A search of the cars trunk reveals a large amount of drugs. No search warrant was obtained for the car, however, the evidence is admissable. This is what type of search.
What is search incident to arrest.
Delinquents who began their offending at a very early age and continue well into adulthood
What are life-course persisters
The facility you are housed in if convicted and sentenced for a term less than 1 year.
What is Jail
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When police are suspicious of an individual and run their hands over the suspects outer garments to determine whether the person is carrying a concealed weapon
What is Stop and Frisk or Pat down
A detective serves a warrant on a residence, makes an arrest and collects illegal drugs. It is later determined that the house numbers on the warrant were not the house he searched. The evidence is still admissible due to it being a grammatical error on the search warrant. This is an example of what exception to the exclusionary rule
What is the good faith exception
One officer conducts a traffic stop for a minor violation and a K-9 arrives conducting a K-9 sniff of the exterior of the vehicle indicating there are drugs in the car. The officers can search this part of the car.
What is entire car.
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This is the database that keeps records of all fingerprints
What is AFIS or Automated Fingerprint Identification system.
The latin term for making an act criminal after it was committed
What is ex post facto law
The principle that evidence can be used in court even though the information that led to it's discovery was obtained in violation of the Miranda rights if it would have been found anyway by other means or resources.
What is inevitable discovery rule
Following a suspect into a residence who you had been chasing for a crime is an example of this
What is Hot pursuit
Term used when a jury is split in it's decision. For example, 7 guilty 5 not guilty
What is a hung jury or mistrial
This is the step in the criminal justice process in which the judge determines if there is enough probable cause for the arrest to have been made.
Preliminary Hearing
Behaviors that are illegal because they run counter to existing moral standards. Prostitution is considered this type of crime.
What is public order crime or Victimless Crime