Rule of Law
How does the rule of law affect the actions of government?
*It allows government to expand its power.
*It prevents government from abusing its power. *It prevents citizens from ignoring the government.
*It ensures that citizens have a say in the government.
It prevents government from abusing its power.
If anyone steal[s] the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be put to death...
Code of Hammurabi 1792–1750 bc
Which type of law best describes this excerpt?
*Civil
*Military
*Criminal
*Constitutional
Criminal
What was the issue in the Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education ?
*Voting rights
*Bus transportation
*School segregation
*Employment opportunity
School segregation
A man enters an electronics store and points a gun at the store clerk. He demands all of the cash in the register and flees the scene with $3600.
What type of law has been violated?
Criminal
Which statement best describes the impact of the Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) on American society?
* It prohibited slavery in the United States.
* It gave African Americans the right to vote.
* It ended unfair treatment of African Americans in society.
* It established the legal separation of races in the United States.
It established the legal separation of races in the United States.
Which principle of government states that the law applies equally to all people, even government leaders?
*Separation of powers
*Checks and balances
*Popular sovereignty
*Rule of law
Rule of Law
Sarah and Lucia were accepted to the same college. The two women decided to share a house during the school year. They both signed a rental contract with a landlord. After the first semester, Sarah decided to change schools. Sarah moved out without telling Lucia. Sarah also refused to pay her share of the rent to Lucia.
Which type of law addresses the scenario?
*Civil law
*Military law
*Criminal law
*Constitutional law
Civil law
What lessons did future U.S. leaders learn from the 1974 U.S. Supreme Court case United States v. Nixon?
*The president is accountable for obeying the law.
*The president is responsible for enforcing the law.
*The president is not allowed to hold secret talks with foreign governments.
*The president is not allowed to have private meetings with cabinet members.
The president is accountable for obeying the law.
Mike is suing his neighbor over damages a tree on his neighbor’s property did to Mike’s car. What type of trial and law is involved in this case?
Civil
New York Times v. United States (1971)
Background: President Nixon claimed executive authority in an attempt to force the New York Times newspaper to stop publication of the classified Pentagon Papers.
Case: The Supreme Court had to decide whether freedom of the press was more important or less important to the need of the executive branch to maintain secret information.
Outcome: The Supreme Court ruled that the First Amendment did protect the right of the New York Times to publish the Pentagon Papers.
How is the outcome of this court case similar to the outcome of the United States v. Nixon ?
* Both cases limited the powers of the executive branch.
* Both cases ruled that the executive may not be convicted of a crime.
* Both cases ruled that the president has limited power over the media.
* Both cases limited the damage that media can do to the office of the president.
Both cases limited the powers of the executive branch.
An angry mob attacks and beats up a suspect arrested by the police for theft.
How does this action violate the rule of law?
*By supporting excessive bail
*By supporting double jeopardy
*By denying judicial review
*By denying due process
By denying due process
Read the following information and answer the question below.
According to the rule of law, all individuals and governments are accountable to the law. The law is supreme and requires equal enforcement and equality of persons.
What is the most important reason for nations to follow the rule of law?
*To endorse political power
*To ensure safety and security
*To maintain open trade agreements
*To provide services for health and education
To ensure safety and security
Which Supreme Court decision overturned the Court′s earlier ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson ?
*Miranda v. Arizona
*Tinker v. Des Moines
*Gideon v. Wainwright
*Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education
ART. 85. DESERTION
(a) Any member of the armed forces who–
(1) without authority goes or remains absent from his unit, organization, or place of duty with intent to remain away therefrom permanently . . . is guilty of desertion.
What is the source of this law?
Military
Clarence Gideon was arrested on suspicion of breaking into a business. When he went to court, he asked the judge for a lawyer. The judge refused and Gideon was found guilty. He appealed his case to the Supreme Court.
Which constitutional right provided the legal basis for Gideon's appeal?
* to be informed of his rights
* to be tried by a jury of his peers
* to have assistance with his defense
* to be informed of the charges against him
To have assistance with his defense
The following quotation by Thomas Paine relates to the concept of rule of law.
"...in America the law is King. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be King; and there ought to be no other." -Thomas Paine Source: Public Domain/ Common Sense , 1776
How do these ideas impact the United States government?
*The rule of law is similar to a king's power, and the U.S. government should not question the rule of law.
*The rule of law has power like a king does, and all the branches of the U.S. government must uphold the rule of law.
*The rule of law is greater than a king's power, and laws can allow the U.S. government to keep some information secret.
*The rule of law has more power than a king, and the rule of law does not share power with any other branch of U.S. government.
The rule of law has more power than a king, and the rule of law does not share power with any other branch of U.S. government.
Which type of law is used to help solve disputes between people or organizations?
*Civil
*Military
*Criminal
*Constitutional
Civil
Which statement is an explanation of the Marshall Court ruling in Marbury v. Madison ?
*The Congress can decide whether laws are constitutional.
*The president can decide whether laws are constitutional.
*The Supreme Court can decide whether laws are constitutional.
*The citizens of the United States can decide whether laws are constitutional.
The Supreme Court can decide whether laws are constitutional.
“School group wins the right to protest in front of city hall”
What type of law is this?
Constitutional
The Miranda warning is given by police when taking a suspect into custody. The Miranda warning reads: "You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for you." Source: Public Domain\www.mirandawarning.org
Which constitutional principle would an attorney use to justify the importance of the Miranda warning?
* the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial
* the Seventh Amendment right to a lawyer
* the Fifth Amendment protection from self-incrimination
* the Fourth Amendment protection from unwarranted searches
Fifth Amendment protection from self-incrimination
In separate congressional and criminal investigations, it is revealed that the president has important information related to the investigations. Congress wants the president to testify at a hearing and the prosecutor wants the president to testify during a criminal trial. The president argues that, in order to do his job as president, he should not be required to testify. The Supreme Court, in interpreting the law, orders the president to testify.
How has the rule of law restricted government actions?
*By requiring the president to testify in the case
*By forcing the Supreme Court to hear the case
*By compelling the lower court to appeal the matter
*By obligating the Congress to request the evidence
By requiring the president to testify in the case
Which type of law involves the distribution of power between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government?
*Civil law
*Military law
*Criminal law
*Constitutional law
Constitutional law
In the early 1970s, several men broke into the Democratic Party's national headquarters at the Watergate building in Washington, D.C. In the investigation that followed, the judge ordered that tapes of conversations that had taken place at the White House be given to the court as evidence. President Nixon refused to turn over the tapes, claiming executive privilege. Executive privilege is a concept that is based on the idea that the president needs to keep some information secret. In United States v. Nixon , the Supreme Court ruled that when the information was important to a criminal case, executive privilege could not be used.
Based on this description, which statement describes the impact of this Supreme Court ruling?
*It upheld the principle that all U.S. citizens must obey the law.
*It upheld the principle that all governmental power is held by the people.
*It upheld the principle that the power of the U.S. government must be separated among the branches.
*It upheld the principle that the rights of those accused of crimes must be respected by the government.
It upheld the principle that all U.S. citizens must obey the law.
The following quotation by Thomas Paine relates to the concept of rule of law.
"...in America the law is King. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be King; and there ought to be no other." -Thomas Paine Source: Public Domain/ Common Sense , 1776
How do these ideas impact the United States government?
* The rule of law is similar to a king's power, and the U.S. government should not question the rule of law.
* The rule of law has power like a king does, and all the branches of the U.S. government must uphold the rule of law.
* The rule of law is greater than a king's power, and laws can allow the U.S. government to keep some information secret.
* The rule of law has more power than a king, and the rule of law does not share power with any other branch of U.S. government
The rule of law has power like a king does, and all the branches of the U.S. government must uphold the rule of law.
. . . the wearing of armbands [by the students] in the circumstances of this case was entirely [separate] from . . . the disruptive conduct by
* First Amendment protections apply only to teachers at school.
* Students have First Amendment protections whenever they choose to express themselves.
* First Amendment protections for students includes all expressive behavior in school.
* Students have First Amendment protection as long as it does not interfere with school.
Students have First Amendment protection as long as it does not interfere with school.