Individuals
In what year did Trotsky join the Bolsheviks, and to what party did he originally belong to?
1917 Mensheviks
Date of the dismissal of the Constituent Assembly
6th of Jan 1918
Name two of the new decrees Lenin issued in late 1917
Peace (26th October)
Land (26th October)
8 hour working day (28th October)
Name two experiences of the Workers under war communism.
Food Rationing
Militarised Work place
Who was the only revolutionary to keep their head?
Lafayette
Felix Dzerzhinsky was also known as what? Why was he given this name?
The Iron Count (or Iron Felix). Because as the head of the CHEKA he was ruthless.
Name two losses of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (need to be specific)
Territory: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Finland
• 34% of its population – 55 million people
• 32% of its agricultural land
• 54% of its industrial enterprises
• 89% of its coal mines
• 26% of railways
What was the date on which the Decree on Red Terror was passed?
5th September 1918
Identify three changes that the New Economic Policy brought about for peasants.
Abandoned grain requisitioning
Replaced with a ‘tax in kind’
Reintroduced private trade
Gave peasants freedom to trade surplus goods
Relaxed state control of industry
Nationalised control of heavy industry and banking sector retained
What date was the first sitting of the Estates General?
5th of May 1789
In what year did Alexandra Kollontai join the Bolsheviks?
1915
What were three outcomes of the 1921 Famine?
• Starvation
• Cannibalism
• Black market trading
When was the CHEKA created and in what ways did their power change over time?
December 1917 - temporary emergency body to main body of Red Terror
Identity two outcomes of the revolution for women.
Equal rights in the workplace
The right to consented marriage
Legalized divorce and abortion
Identify and explain three taxes the peasantry were required to pay under the Ancient Regime
Gabelle (salt)
Tithe (Church)
Tallie (land)
Feudal Dues (to lord)
Lenin makes speech 'On Unity' in largely in response to who?
Alexandra Kollontai and her Workers Opposition faction
“Comrades, this is not time to have an opposition. Either, you’re on this side, or on the other, but then your weapon must be a gun, and not an opposition.”
- Lenin
In what context is Lenin saying this (what event does it relate to?)
The Decree on Party Unity (1921)/ Tenth Party Congress (March 1921)
“In 1923 the government reacted to the crisis by imposing price controls on urban products commonly consumed by villagers, and in the following year, it resumed grain exports, thus raising food prices. In that way, it restored some equilibrium to rural-urban trade at the cost of urban consumers… But no foundation had been laid for long term growth, while party members were given economic reasons to resent the NEP, to add to the political ones.”
- Geoffrey A. Hosking
What is Hosking referring to? Offer a brief explanation.
The Scissor Crisis 1923. Widening Gap between agricultural and industrial prices.
How many Russians are killed in the 1921 Famine?
5 Million
What was the Law of Maximum and on what date was it established?
Fixed prices on grain. 29th September 1793.
Who said the following and in what context was it said?
'Cowards, bastards and traitors will not escape the bullet!'
Trotsky - Discipline in the Red Army during the Civil War.
Name four reasons the Bolsheviks won the Civil War.
Strict discipline of the Red Army
Leadership of Trotsky
United in goal and a shared sense of purpose
The use of propaganda
Name five key features of War Communism.
•Nationalisation of Industry
•Militarisation of the Workplace
•Elimination of Monetary Economy
•State Supplied Services
•Grain Requisitioning
“Most Bolshevik leaders had never liked the NEP, regarding it as an excrescent boil on the body politic and at worst a malignant cancer”.
Who said this?
Explain this quote.
Robert Service
Betrayal of the original ideals of the October Revolution.
Which revolutionary government passed the August Decrees?
National Constituent Assembly