Early Origins
This group was invited by Slavic chiefs to rule over them and established Kievan Rus.
Who are the Rus (Vikings).
This small village and trading outpost near the Dnieper and Volga rivers would become one of the major principalities that paid tributes to the Mongols.
What is Moscow?
This communist group would overthrow the provisional government in the November Revolution of 1917.
Who are the Bolsheviks?
Karl Marx helped develop the theory of communism. Communism can be best described as this.
What is an economic and social system based on the common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes (No private ownership and no profit motive)?
Korea, Berlin, Cuba, Vietnam, and Afghanistan are all examples of this feature of the Cold War.
What are proxy wars?
Vladimir the Great would make this major religion the official religion of Kievan Rus.
What is Eastern Orthodox?
Ivan the Great (Ivan III) became the first to take the title Tsar after he did what?
What is refusing to pay tribute to the Mongols and drove them out of Russia?
After the March Revolution of 1917, Tsar Nicholas was forced to abdicate. Abdicate refers to this action.
What is to officially give up power?
Joseph Stalin often used this tool to help create a cult of personality around him.
What is propaganda?
The Berlin Wall was built to try to prevent this.
What is East Berliners escaping to West Berlin and capitalist Western nations from influencing communist East Berlin?
This group ruled over Kievan Rus for nearly 200 years.
Who are the Mongols?
This individual became the first true tsar of of Russia, and is known for his hot temper and use of secret police.
Who is Ivan the Terrible?
This major conflict helped contribute to the Russian Revolution by resulting in massive amounts of casualties, drawing away food and supplies from citizens, and showing the inept (weak) leadership of Nicholas II.
What was World War I?
In the early 1930s Joseph Stalin began his Great Purges and sent anyone who opposed them to these forced labor camps.
What are Gulags?
Gorbachev's policy of Perestroika was called for this.
What is economic reforms and political restructuring?
This powerful neighbor of Kievan Rus became an important trade partner and influence.
What was the Byzantine Empire?
This ruler of Tsarist Russia came to power after a successful coup attempt and "greatly" expanded the territory of Russia.
Who was Catherine the Great?
In 1905, a group of unarmed workers seeking reforms demonstrated outside of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg where they were fired upon by soldiers from the Imperial Guard, resulting in the death of over 200 people. What was is the nickname of this event?
What is Bloody Sunday?
After a few years of ruling Lenin introduced his "New Economic Plan" (1921-1924) which did this.
What is returning some private economic activity with consumer goods and services?
Gorbachev's policy Glasnost called for this.
What is "openness" in government and information.
These factors contributed to the Kievan Rus' decline/collapse (1054 - 1240). [Name at least one]
What is:
- Yaroslav the Wise's sons fighting each other over territory and power
- The crusades negatively affected trade for Kiev.
- Mongols conquered Kievan Rus in 1240.
This Russian tsar helped reform Russia by bringing the Church under state control, introducing new crop staples, modernized Russia's military, established a sea port in St. Petersburg, and ordered Russian nobles to give up their traditional clothes and beards for Western fashions.
Who was Peter the Great (Peter I)
Germany helped Vladimir Lenin return to Russia for this reason.
What is the Germans believed Lenin and his supporters would cause unrest and hurt the Russian war effort?
These examples of early communist reforms made under Lenin helped lead to nationalization. [Name at least one reform]
What is:
All factories controlled by the government.
Production planned and organized by the government.
Strikers could be shot.
Obligatory labor duty was imposed onto "non-working classes".
Requisition of surplus food from peasants by force.
Food and most commodities distributed evenly
Private business became illegal.
Government control of railroads.
The Postdam Conference had this consequence (effect) for Europe at the end of WWII.
What is splitting Europe up with the US and its Allies on one side and Russia on the other?