Causes of revolution
This 1789 event saw Paris crowds seize weapons before attacking a royal fortress-prison.
What is the Storming of the Bastille?
This 1918 treaty took Russia out of World War One but required major territorial concessions.
What is the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
This Russian revolutionary leader returned from exile in April 1917 and issued the April Theses.
Who is Vladimir Lenin?
This intellectual movement challenged traditional political authority in eighteenth-century France and promoted concepts such as reason and equality.
What is the Enlightenment?
This French social group made up the vast majority of the population and played a major role in the Great Fear of 1789.
Who are the peasantry?
This 1905 massacre occurred when peaceful demonstrators marched towards the Winter Palace in St Petersburg.
What is Bloody Sunday?
This 1791 event severely damaged confidence in the monarchy.
What is the King's Flight/Flight to Varennes?
This French revolutionary became closely associated with the Committee of Public Safety and the Terror.
Who is Maximilien Robespierre?
This ideology, associated with Karl Marx, provided an important intellectual foundation for revolutionary socialism in Russia.
What is Marxism?
This Russian political party, led by Lenin, seized power in October 1917.
Who are the Bolsheviks?
This problem was intensified by France's involvement in the American War of Independence and contributed to the calling of the Estates-General.
What is royal debt/government debt?
This organisation became the Bolshevik regime's secret police and was associated with political repression during the Civil War.
What is the Cheka?
This Russian military leader played a central role in organising the Red Army during the Civil War.
Who is Leon Trotsky?
This principle meant that political authority was understood to originate from the people rather than a monarch.
What is popular sovereignty?
These French urban workers became increasingly radical during the Revolution and were associated with demands for greater political and economic equality.
Who are the sans-culottes?
The failures of these post-1905 representative institutions contributed to continued dissatisfaction with Tsarist rule.
What are the Dumas?
Name the two major armed sides of the Russian Civil War.
Who are the Reds and Whites?
This French revolutionary journalist used his newspaper to advocate radical action and became associated with the sans-culottes.
Who is Jean-Paul Marat?
What document, issued on 26 August 1789, proclaimed natural and inalienable rights including liberty, property and resistance to oppression?
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
Which political faction was associated with Danton, Marat and Robespierre and became dominant during the radical phase of the Revolution?
Who are the Montagnards?
Which decree issued shortly after the October Revolution addressed the issue of land by abolishing landed proprietorship without compensation?
The Decree on Land
What economic policy introduced by Lenin in 1921 replaced War Communism and permitted limited private enterprise and market activity?
What is the New Economic Policy (NEP)?
This French individual argued that the Third Estate constituted the nation. This Russian individual was the final leader of the Provisional Government. Name both.
Who are Emmanuel Joseph/Abbes Sieyès and Alexander Kerensky?
What was the name given to the statements prepared for the three Estates before the meeting of the Estates-General in 1789?
What are the Cahiers de Doléances?
Which Parisian event of 27 April 1789 began as a dispute over wages at a wallpaper factory?
What are the Réveillon Riots?