Vive la Révolution!
This revolution began in Petrograd in February 1917 when strikes and demonstrations over food shortages and wartime conditions helped bring down the Tsar.
What is the February Revolution?
This 1905 massacre occurred when peaceful protesters approaching the Winter Palace were fired upon by soldiers.
What is Bloody Sunday?
This ideology argued that society was divided by class conflict and that capitalism would eventually be replaced by a classless communist society.
What is Marxism?
Issued by Nicholas II in October 1905, this document promised freedoms including freedom of speech, assembly and association, as well as an elected legislature.
What is the October Manifesto?
This man was the last Tsar of Russia, ruling from 1894 until his abdication in 1917.
Who is Nicholas II?
After the February Revolution, this temporary government was established to govern Russia until a permanent political system could be determined.
What is the Provisional Government?
This war between Russia and Japan ended in Russian defeat and exposed serious weaknesses in the Tsarist regime.
What is the Russo-Japanese War?
This political idea challenged the concentration of power in the hands of the Tsar and supported constitutional government and civil liberties.
What is liberalism?
Published by Lenin after his return to Russia in April 1917, this document called for an end to support for the Provisional Government and argued for “All power to the Soviets.”
What are the April Theses?
This Bolshevik leader returned to Russia in April 1917 and developed the April Theses calling for an end to the Provisional Government's authority.
Developed the April Theses calling for an end to the Provisional Government's authority.Who is Vladimir Lenin?
In October 1917, the Bolsheviks seized key buildings and transport centres in Petrograd before taking control of the Winter Palace.
What is the October Revolution?
Issued by Nicholas II in October 1905, this document promised civil liberties and a representative legislature in response to revolutionary unrest.
What is the October Manifesto?
This ideology adapted Marxism to argue that a disciplined revolutionary party could lead workers in overthrowing capitalism and establishing socialism.
What is Marxism-Leninism?
Issued in November 1917, this decree called for an immediate end to the war and appealed to the peoples of the belligerent countries to negotiate peace.
What is the Decree on Peace?
This revolutionary became chairman of the Petrograd Soviet's Military Revolutionary Committee and played a major role in organising the October Revolution.
Who is Leon Trotsky?
This agreement ended Russia's participation in World War One but required the new Bolshevik government to surrender large amounts of territory.
What is the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
This 1917 confrontation involved General Kornilov's attempted advance towards Petrograd and strengthened the position of the Bolsheviks when the Provisional Government called on armed workers to help defend the city.
What is the Kornilov Affair?
This policy was introduced by the Bolsheviks during the Civil War and involved measures such as grain requisitioning and state control of industry to support the Red Army and the war effort.
What is War Communism?
Issued by the Bolshevik government in October 1917, this decree transferred ownership of landed estates to peasant committees without compensation to the former owners.
What is the Decree on Land?
This Prime Minister introduced reforms intended to strengthen the Tsarist regime after the 1905 Revolution, including agricultural reforms aimed at creating a more prosperous peasantry.
Who is Pyotr Stolypin?
This 1921 uprising by sailors and workers against Bolshevik policies demonstrated the growing opposition to War Communism and helped encourage the introduction of the NEP.
What is the Kronstadt Revolt?
This 1917 crisis saw the Provisional Government's authority challenged by competing political forces and contributed to the growing instability that preceded the October Revolution.
What are the July Days?
This Leninist concept argued that a disciplined group of professional revolutionaries was needed to provide leadership and organise the working class to overthrow the existing system.
What is the vanguard party?
Issued in January 1918 after the Bolsheviks dissolved the elected assembly, this document formally established the principles of the new revolutionary government and declared Russia a republic of Soviets.
What is the Declaration of Rights of the Working and Exploited People?
This Bolshevik politician became an important advocate for women's rights after the Revolution and was involved in initiatives concerning women's social and economic position.
Who is Alexandra Kollontai?