Russian People of Influence
Tsar of the Russian people. Had become Tsar in 1894. Leader of the Army. Once said “I am not yet ready to be Tsar. I know nothing of the business of ruling.”
Who is Tsar Nicholas II
Economic system where the basic means of production is primarily owned and regulated by the government.
What is Socialism
The secret weapon that the Germans used against the Russians in 1917.
Who is Vladimir Lenin
Pros: Russia can feed its huge military
Cons: Farmers were forced to give most of their crops to the government. Many starved to death.
What is Policy #2 State Requisition of Grain?
These harsh work camps were in Serbia. Where Stalin sent people during his "great purges."
What is a "Gulag"?
Born in 1818 and lived to 1883. Was the author of the Communist Manifesto. Lenin based his revolution of his system of Socialism and Communism.
Who is Karl Marx
Economic system based on free markets. Investments are made mostly by private individuals and corporations.
What is Capitalism
In February 1917 people rioted on the streets in Russia. They were joined by soldiers and members of the Duma. Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a new government called the provisional government took over.
What is the February Revolution?
Pros: Russia became an industrial superpower
Cons: Factory workers were the lowest paid in Europe & worked over 11 hour days
What is Policy #1 State controlled manufacturing?
Stalin changes the economy to a “_______ __________” and replaces Lenin’s NEP.
What is a Command Economy?
Started following Marxism in college and was exiled from Russia. Was the leader of the Russian revolution and Bolsheviks.
Who is Vladimir Lenin
Upper class & lower class will struggle over wealth. Because of this struggle, the working class (poor) will eventually carry out a plan to overtake the upper class
What is Karl Marx's theory about the results Capitalism?
On October 24th the Bolsheviks seized the Winter Palace, the headquarters of the provisional government. In December 1917 Lenin signed the treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which took Russia out of the war. In 1918, the Russian royal family were murdered by the Bolsheviks.
What is the October Revolution?
Pros: Lenin was able to stamp out opposition to the revolution and maintain power
Cons: Instituted a period known as the “Red Terror”
To feed the industrial workers, Stalin instituted a policy that forced farmers to give their extra harvests to the government.
What is ‘Collectivization?’
Who is Joseph Stalin
The goal of Socialism is to establish a Communist society.
What Karl Marx theorized?
Many Russians did not support the Bolshevik government and tried to oppose the Bolsheviks. The Bolsheviks were known as the ‘reds’ those that opposed them were known as the ‘whites’.
What is the Russian Civil War?
Pros: Countries who joined the coalition were provided protection from Russia and helped create a ‘buffer’ between Russia and Western Europe
Cons: Countries who joined were forced and had to live under Lenin’s Communist state
What is Policy #4 Creation of the USSR?
In order to secure his power, Stalin threatened and manipulated media sources, altered history. He did this so that Russians would support his leadership.
What is “Cult of Personality?”
A holy man who manipulated Nicholas' wife Alexandra. The people of Russia resented his influence and he was murdered.
Who is Rasputin
Karl Marx’s book, The Communist Manifesto, was a reaction to the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution. His theories inspired poor workers (proletariat) and common folk in Russia to physically overthrow their government. Many intellectuals, like Vladimir Lenin (the leader of the Russian Revolution), attempted to implement Marx’s ideas into their nations through violent revolutions
Why does Karl Marx matter?
In 1905 there had been a revolution against the rule of the Tsar. In order to keep his position, Nicholas had been forced to accept a Duma (parliament) but nothing really changed, Nicholas kept power and if members of the Duma disagreed with him they were sent away.
What is the creation of the Duma?
Small businesses and farmers were allowed to control their own business (Capitalism), but major industries were still under government control
What is Policy #5 Lenin changes to the NEP (New Economic Policy)?
Information, usually bias, used to promote a particular political cause or point of view.
What is Propaganda?