The Atom
Families
Electron Configurations
Trends
Wild Card
100
Neutral isotopes of carbon-12 and carbon-16 differ by?
4 neutrons
100
what TYPE of element is potassium
metal - alkali
100
Which element has a configuration of [Ar] 4s23d2
Titanium
100
which of the following has the smallest radius? B, C, N, F
F - highest Zeff
100
What college did Ms. Gladden attend for undergraduate?
Montclair State
200
True or False: An electron and proton are equal and opposite in magnitude of charge
true
200
What elemental family ends with p5 configurations?
Halogens
200
how many orbitals exist in the d sublevel
5
200
Which would have the smallest radius? K+, K, Rb+, Rb
K+
200
What elemental family will possess a preferred charge of +2
Alkaline earth Metals
300
The most stable ion of Cesium would have a charge of
+1
300
Elements in which period only have 2 shielding (kernel) electrons
period 2
300
what is the maximum number of electrons that can be placed in the fourth energy level?
32 electrons (2 in s, 6 in p, 10 in d, 14 in f)
300
Using electronegativity explain why sodium is more likely to lose an electron and Chlorine is more likely to gain an electron.
Sodium has a low electronegativity value due to its weak Zeff and larger radius. Chlorine has a higher Zeff value and therefore would attract an electron much easier due to its higher Zeff value increasing its electronegativity (and decreasing the radius)
300
summarize the key concept of the Pauli exclusion principle:
electrons occupying the same orbital must have opposite spins
400
Name the isotope, give the proton number, electron number, neutron number, mass and charge given the following symbol: (all or nothing)
Magnesium-24, 12 P, 10 e, 12 N, Mass 24, Charge +2
400
This elemental family contains 4f electrons
lanthanide series
400
how many electrons can fit into an f orbital
2 (orbitals contain 2 electrons max)
400
Define Ionization energy and explain why calcium has a higher ionization energy than barium
ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron. calciums valence electrons are closer to the nucleus requiring more energy for electron removal.
400
what has the electron configuration of [Ar] 4s2 3d4
nothing, chromium would violate aufbaus principle
500
Chlorine exists naturally as two isotopes: Cl-35 with a mass of 34.97 amu and Cl-37 with a mass of 36.97 amu. The average atomic mass of chlorine is 35.45 amu. What is the percent abundance of each?
Cl-35 ≈ 76%
Cl-37 ≈ 24%
500
Which elemental family has the highest Zeff value? Explain using coloumbs law:
The elemental family with the highest Zeff is the halogens. They have the shortest distance from the nucleus to their valence shells because the charge (proton number) increases (increasing the magnitude of charge which has a directly proportional relationship to force) which creates a shorter distance (that has an inverse relationship to force).
500
how many orbitals are in each sublevel? s? p? d? f?
1, 3, 5, 7
500
Arrange the following atoms and ions in order of increasing radii Br-, Sr+2, Rb+
Sr+2, Rb+, Br-
500
write the full configuration for Bohrium
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d5