Theory & Illusion
Why does the Müller-Lyer illusion work on most people in the US?
Because of Western architecture
Name the 3 layers of the skin.
epidermis, dermis, subdermis
Professor Wheeler doesn't always have the best ____________, as she manages to slam an office door open because she doesn't realize her own strength.
Proprioception
What part of the ear is the vestibular system located?
a) outer
b) middle
c) inner
Inner
This is the name of the process that converts physical or chemical energy into brain signals
transduction
If Maribel's friend tells her that mole tastes like spicy chocolate before she tries it, what type of processing will Maribel use when she tastes the mole?
Top-down processing
Process by which we perceive and act on signals from within our body (e.g. stomach rumbling)
Interoception
This is the ability to sense something such as the bend of your elbow while you're holding an object.
Joint Position Sense
The 3 semicircular canals are used to do what?
transduce rotational angular accelerations
This illusion might explain why you hear something differently depending if you see someone's lips or not and they are making the same noise.
McGurk Effect
This belief is the belief that the world is exactly as it appears
Naive Realism
This mechanoreceptor might have been important in you perceiving the change in vibration of the massage gun.
Pacinian
A knee-jerk is an example of what type of reflex?
Deep Tendon Reflex
This occurs when you have sensations that you are moving when your body is actually still
Vertigo
A toothache is an example of this type of pain.
Nociceptive
In the image on the whiteboard, you might perceive a triangle over 3 circles due to what psychology theory?
Gestalt theory
This image of a map of the brain explains what body parts have more dedicated brain space and are more sensitive
The Homonculus
This lab activity we did showed how our brain can be "tricked" that something such as a reflection or a rubber hand can be thought to be our own actual hand. We can then use this to help treat phantom limb pain.
Rubber Hand Illusion or Mirror Therapy
This process helps us make assumptions about the world (e.g. our middle 'warm' finger being cold because the surrounding fingers are cold)
Inference
According to this theory, this is why you can distract yourself from pain by rubbing or using a soothing technique.
Gate Control Theory
Gibson was famous for his optical array which helped explain what about perception?
That perception is direct
Name the 3 types of cutaneous receptors and what they do
Mechanoreceptors- light tapping, pressure, stretch, and vibration
thermoreceptors- temperature
nociceptors- pain
This cause of phantom limb pain stems from being born without a limb, and teaches us what?
Congenital Limb Deficiency; we are born with some sort of map of our sense of self and what it is supposed to be
Name 1 reason for motion sickness
low fr and amplitudes; posture instability; mismatch of cues
Pain and temperature signals use ____________ pathway to reach the brain, and at _______ speed.
Spinothalmic; slow