Energy
What are the 3 forms of heat transfer?
Conduction, convection, and radiation
What is the smallest unit of matter?
An atom
Photosynthesis ________ glucose. Cell respiration ______________ ____________ glucose.
Photosynthesis MAKES glucose. Cell respiration BREAKS DOWN glucose.
Define each of the following:
Identify the following for the Penny Lab we did:
Hypothesis
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Control variable
Hypothesis: The anticipated answer to your problem/question
Independent variable: the variable changed ON PURPOSE in an experiment (independent = I change it)
Dependent variable: the variable that is observed to see how it changes in response to the independent variable (dependent = data)
Control variable: variables kept the same throughout an experiment
What is potential energy
Stored energy due to position
In which direction does heat always flow?
From hot to cold
Define element and give an example
An element is a specific type of atom
Name 3 forms of energy present in a greenhouse
thermal, radiant, chemical
Identify the following for the Penny Lab we did:
Problem
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Control variables (at least 1)
Problem: Which side of a penny can hold more water?
Independent variable: side of the penny
Dependent variable: # of drops
Control variables: type of water, dropper, penny
Name the 7 forms of energy (besides kinetic and potential)
mechanical
radiant/light
chemical
electrical
nuclear
thermal/heat
sound
What is temperature a measure of?
How much kinetic energy a substance has
What is a pure substance?
Something that cannot be broken down into smaller parts without changing the identity of the substance
What are the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis?
Inputs: carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight
Outputs: oxygen and glucose
Identify the following for the Pendulum Lab we did:
Problem
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Control variables (at least 1)
Problem: How does changing the mass or length affect the period of a pendulum?
Independent variable: length (or mass)
Dependent variable: time for 10 swings/period
Control variables (at least 1): mass (or length), pendulum, timer
What does conservation of energy mean?
energy cannot be created or destroyed
Heat will continue to transfer between objects until it reaches a certain point. What is that point called?
Thermal equilibrium
What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?
A molecule is 2 or more atoms bonded together. A compound is 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms bonded together.
What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration?
Inputs: oxygen and glucose
Outputs: water, carbon dioxide, and ATP
Identify the following for the Mini Greenhouse Experiment we did:
Problem
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Control variables (at least 1)
Problem: How do temperature and humidity change in an open and closed system?
Independent variable: Whether the jar was open or closed
Dependent variable: temperature and humidity
Control variables (at least 1): location, lamp, type of jar
Classify each of the 7 forms of energy as kinetic, potential, or both
mechanical: both
radiant: kinetic
chemical: potential
electrical: kinetic
nuclear: potential
thermal: kinetic
sound: kinetic
Define each type of heat transfer and give an example of each
Conduction: heat transfer through direct contact
Convection: heat transfer through gasses or liquids
Radiation: heat transfer through electromagnetic waves
Describe the difference between the 2 types of mixtures and give an example of each
Heterogeneous: NOT evenly mixed
Homogeneous: a mixture that is evenly mixed and uniform throughout
What is a food desert and how could a greenhouse help?
An area with limited access to affordable, healthy food. A greenhouse could provide healthy food at a low cost
Identify the following for the Greenhouse Lab we did:
Problem
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Control variables (at least 1)
Problem: How does a greenhouse affect plant growth?
Independent variable: Plant location (inside or outside of the greenhouse)
Dependent variable: plant height, temp, humidity
Control variables (at least 1): amount watered, type of plant, soil, cup/pot