3.1 Types of Energy
What are the two forms of energy?
kinetic energy & potential energy
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
The total amount of energy in the universe is constant and does not change over time.
Complete the sentence: Thermodynamics primarily involves the study of_______ & _______.
heat & work
What types of properties does light have?
both wave and particle properties
Fill in the blank: Kinetic energy is the energy of _______, vs __________ is stored energy.
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, vs potential is stored energy.
A rock falls from the top of a cliff. What will happen to the rock's kinetic energy when it strikes the ground below?
it will transform into other forms of energy, like sound energy
Identify which of the following statement is NOT true & make it true:
A- Two systems in equilibrium with a third system are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
B- Energy can change forms, and be created or destroyed.
C-Entropy of an isolated system always increases
D- Entropy of a system approaches a constant as temperature approached absolute zero.
If two charges have opposite signs describe the electric force between them. What will it do?
the electric force will be ATTRACTIVE
As an object falls in a gravitational field, its speed increases. This is an example of potential energy transforming into what?
kinetic energy
What type of energy transformation occurs at first when a compressed spring is released?
ELASTIC potential energy --> KINETIC energy
Match the example with the correct laws of thermodynamics:
#1- Heat will always from a higher temperature --> lower temperature.
#2- If there are two systems and a third is added they will eventually all reach thermal equilibrium.
#3- All processes stop at a temperature of absolute zero.
#1- SECOND LAW
#2- ZEROETH LAW
#3- THIRD LAW
Define electricity.
the flow of electrons from one place to another.
A student hangs a wood block from a spring. The student pulls the block downwards so the spring is stretched and holds the block at rest. What type of energy does the wood NOT have?
kinetic energy
A bouncing ball eventually comes to rest. What happened to the ball's kinetic and potential energy?
It has been converted to other forms of energy (sound energy) but the total amount of energy in the universe remains UNCHANGED.
A sealed plastic bottle, a test tube with a rubber stopper, & an unopened aluminum soda can are all examples of which types of systems? Explain why.
CLOSED SYSTEMS b/c not mass can be added or removed to the system ONLY energy.
When electricity flows in a wire, what else is created around the wire?
a magnetic field
Explain what kind of energy conversion is happening an explosive charge in a cannon can cause a cannonball to fly out of the cannon with a high velocity.
CHEMICAL POTENTIAL energy is converted to KINETIC ENERGY
Finish the statement:
A roller coaster car travels up & down the hills of the track. Neglecting friction, the SUM of its KINETIC & POTENTIAL energy ________ __________ _______
REMAINS THE SAME
Define entropy.
the level of disorder of a system.
When a wire moves near a magnet, what is created in the wire?
an electric current.