Shock
This is a life-threatening medical emergency in which the organs and tissues of the body are not receiving an adequate flow of blood, depriving them of oxygen.
What is shock?
This type of bleeding is usually not serious and is the easiest form of external bleeding to control; it occurs when there is a break in the skin because of an abrasion.
What is Capillary Bleeding.
This technique is the primary maneuver used for any unconscious casualty NOT suspected of having a head, neck, or spinal injury.
What is the head-tilt/chin-lift method.
These are the three types of burns.
What are first, second, and third degree burns.
These can occur from trauma, blasts, flying debris, or burns normally from an object impaling this part of the face. Symptoms include severe pain or injury to one or both eyes.
What is an eye injury.
These are two types of shock symptoms for a person who has sustained a wound, injury, or burn may exhibit.
What is Psychological and Physical symptoms.
This type of bleeding is more serious than capillary bleeding and occurs when a wound is deep enough to damage a vein.
What is Venous Bleeding.
This technique is used when the casualty is suspected of having a head, neck, or spinal injury as it minimizes movement of the head and neck to prevent further injury.
What is the jaw-thrust maneuver.
Bruising, swelling, deformity, numbness/tingling in an affected extremity is a sign of this.
What are sprains, strains, or fractures.
These are symptoms of an abdominal wound.
What is complete or partially open wound to abdomen/internal organs may be outside of body.
These are examples of exhibiting Psychological Shock Symptoms.
What is restlessness, anxiety, confusion, and/or loss of awareness.
This is the most serious type of external bleeding as the arteries carry the blood at high pressure resulting in a rapid flow of blood that is less likely to clot. If left untreated a person can quickly bleed out to death; it occurs when a wound is deep enough to damage an artery.
What is Arterial Bleeding.
The nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) is a soft, rubber hollow tube that is passed through the nose into the posterior pharynx. It may be used for conscious and unconscious casualties. However, one should NOT use this method if this is occurring.
What is: do not use if casualty has any facial/head injuries, clear fluids coming from ears or nose, or raccoon eyes.
Skin discoloration, blisters, charring, swelling are all signs of this.
What are burns.
These are the steps taken to treat an abdominal wound.
What are:
1. If no back or leg injuries, bend the knees to relieve pressure on the abdomen
2. If organs are outside body, gently pick them up and place them on top of the abdomen
3. Cover exposed organs with clean dry dressing.
4. Secure bandages
These are examples of Physical Shock Symptoms.
(name at least 5/8)
What are:
1. weak and rapid pulse
2. cold, clammy, and pale skin (if a darker-skinned person is in shock, check the color under the nails, eyelids and inside the mouth)
3. sweating profusely
4. shallow, rapid, labored and irregular respiration
5. dull eyes, dilated, and slow to reach pupils
6. high thirst
7. nausea and vomiting
8. blue-ish color around lips and mouth
This is used a LAST RESORT to stop life-threatening bleeding, unless in care under fire, where this will be the only resort.
What is a Combat Application Tourniquet (C-A-T).
This is a hole in the casualty’s chest that penetrates into the lung space, allowing air to enter the body, on the outside of the lungs.
The symptoms of this type of injury are: a sucking noise from the chest area, frothy (foamy)red/pink blood from the chest wound, and difficulty breathing.
What is a sucking chest wound.
These are steps to treat burns.
What is:
1. Stop what caused burn (e.g., put out fire, neutralize chemicals, turn off electricity)
2. Apply clean, dry/sterile dressings to protect affected skin, secure bandages
These 3 basic steps are taken to treat an eye injury.
1. Apply dressing AROUND impaled objects to secure them in-place
2. Lightly apply dressings and bandages to both eyes.
3. Stay with casualty
Elevating the legs above the heart (at least 12 inches) in an effort to increase blood oxygenation to prevent damage to the organs and other body tissues
AND
elevating the head if head trauma is suspected (e.g., fluids coming from ears and nose, battle signs, raccoon eyes) are examples of this.
What is the General Shock Position.
These are the 7 steps in applying a Combat Application Tourniquet (C-A-T) Care Under Fire.
Step 1—Place the injured extremity through the loop of the Omni-Tape band.
Step 2— In a care under fire situation, place the C-A-T as high on the injured extremity as possible. In a tactical field care situation, place the C-A-T 2-4 inches above the injury.
Step 3— Pull the free end of the Omni-Tape band tight, and secure it back onto itself using the hook and loop.
Step 4—Twist the windlass rod no more than three times, and insert it into the windlass clip.
Step 5—Pull the hook and loop windlass strap tightly over the windlass clip and the Omni-Tape band.
Step 6—Apply a second C-A-T, if bleeding persists.
Step 7—Mark the casualty’s forehead with the letter “T” for tourniquet and the time that it was applied.
This is done to treat a sucking chest wound. (List step-by-step)
1. wipe off any debris or fluids prior to dressing the wound
2. provide a seal at least two inches larger than the wound
3. secure the dressing on all four sides (sealing the open wound)
4. determine the exit wound and allow the casualty to assume a position of comfort
5. apply exit wound dressing the same exact way as applied to entrance wound.
These are symptoms of musculoskeletal injuries that will most likely require a splint.
(Define causes of two)
(Define causes of two)
A casualty should never be left unattended (specifically with an eye injury) for any of these reasons.
1. the casualty cannot see/vulnerable
2. the casualty might panic/have anxiety
3. may cause themselves or others further harm