Hematology
This is the amount of time it takes bone marrow to mount a regenerative response to anemia.
~2-3 days
This dosing range of Prednisone (or Prednisolone) is considered immunosuppressive.
1-2 mg/kg/day
This easy test can be used to determine if an animal is polyuric.
USG (ideally first morning, but USG >1.030 in dogs and >1.035 in cats rules out polyuria)
A 4 m/o FI Siberian Husky puppy is presented for continuous urine dribbling. Her hind end is stained with urine and she is dribbling throughout examination. What is your presumptive diagnosis?
Ectopic ureter(s); (intramural > extramural)
This breathing sound characterized by its high pitch would be characteristic of laryngeal paralysis, among other conditions.
Stridor
This infectious disease of cats is associated with a non-regenerative, macrocytic anemia with metarubricytosis (high nRBC's).
FeLV
This finding on joint fluid cytology would be indicative of immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA).
High proportion of non-degenerate neutrophils
An increase from baseline CREA of this magnitude or higher is consistent with acute kidney injury.
Greater than or equal to 0.3 mg/dL from baseline
A diagnosis of bacterial cystitis (as opposed to subclinical bacteriuria) relies on these concurrent criteria.
Lower urinary tract clinical signs (stranguria, pollakiuria, hematuria)
AND
Bacteriuria - ideally by positive culture obtained in a sterile manner (cystocentesis or catheterization)
This benign structural lesion is most common in young cats with upper airway signs such as stertor and nasal discharge.
Nasopharyngeal polyp
This test, also known as the direct antiglobulin test, involves washing RBC's for detection of immune-mediated destruction via complement and/or autoantibodies.
There are many secondary immunosuppressive agents that can be used in conjunction with glucocorticoid therapy; name at least 2.
Mycophenolate
Azathioprine
Cyclosporine
Leflunamide
This zoonotic bacteria often induces a tubulointerstitial nephritis and acute kidney injury that can be severe or life-threatening.
Leptospira spp (leptospirosis)
These 2 (or 3) medications may be considered for treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) in a female dog.
Proin (phenylpropanolamine)
Incurin (estriol)
DES (diethylsylbestrol)
An 8 y/o FS MBD presents for evaluation of acute vomiting, coughing, and ADR. Radiographs reveal an alveolar pattern of the right middle lung lobe. What is your top differential for the cause of this patient's cough?
Aspiration pneumonia
Name at least 2 medications or toxins that could induce bone marrow suppression (hypoplasia/aplasia).
Phenobarbital
Methimazole
Fenbendazole
Estrogen
Abx: Chloramphenicol, TMS
Chemotherapeutics
Griseofulvin
Azathioprine
This treatment, also used in certain multidrug chemotherapy protocols, can be considered in patients with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia to stimulate megakaryocyte breakdown in the bone marrow.
Vincristine 0.02 mg/kg IV (max 0.5 mg/m2)
This condition describes the kidneys' inability to respond appropriately to vasopression (ADH).
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (primary or secondary)
This radiodense stone type forms in basic urine, sometimes due to urease-producing bacteria, and is often amenable to dietary dissolution therapy.
Struvite
A 2 y/o MI GSP presents for dyspnea and fever. Physical exam reveals several skin lesions and an enlarged right popliteal lymph node. CXR reveals intrathoracic lymphadenopathy and a nodular interstitial pattern. What is your top differential for the cause of this patient's dyspnea?
Fungal pneumonia - histoplasmosis or blastomycosis most commonly in this area
Mycoplasma haemofelis
There are many vector-borne diseases that can induce secondary IMHA, ITP, or IMPA in dogs and/or cats. Name at least 3.
Babesia spp.
Ehrlichia spp.
Anaplasma spp.
Borrelia bergdorferi
Rickettsia rickettsii
Bartonella spp.
Leishmania spp.
A 6 y/o FS DSH cat presents for acute lethargy, vomiting, and inappetance. Physical exam reveals right renomegaly with pain on palpation. Bloodwork reveals a moderate azotemia (CREA 3.4) and hyperphosphatemia (PHOS 6.8) with USG 1.032. AFAST reveals a severely dilated right renal pelvis. What is your presumptive diagnosis and definitive treatment recommendation?
Right ureteral obstruction with acute kidney injury - Right SUB placement
This genetic test performed on urine would be an appropriate diagnostic tool in a patient with suspected neoplasia of the urinary tract.
BRAF
This bacteria is the causative agent of canine tracheobronchitis.
Bordetella bronchiseptica