Survey Components
The individual who completes a survey.
What is a respondent?
Different research protocols are applied to separate groups of the sample.
What is an experimental design?
The year SAPOR was founded.
What is 1978?
When asking this type of question, response options should be exhaustive and mutually exclusive.
What is "select all that apply" or multiple response format?
Statistic used to measure the strength and direction of a linear relationship.
What is the correlation coefficient or R-squared?
These two broad categories are used to classify scales of measurement.
What are categorical and continuous?
Respondents are randomly selected and answer questions at a specific point in time.
What is the cross-sectional design?
The first SAPOR conference took place in this city.
What is Chapel Hill?
These questions require respondents to provide a number or text answer rather than choosing from response categories, and are coded as their own distinct format in major surveys.
What are open‑ended questions?
Regardless of the question or category, all logistic regression models include this "group".
What is a reference group?
The method by which a respondent is allowed to complete the survey.
What is survey mode?
A cohort of respondents are surveyed periodically about the same topics.
What is a longitudinal design?
The current cost of membership dues for SAPOR regular members.
What is $20?
This type of question is placed before the core survey to determine if a potential respondent qualifies to participate in a survey.
What is a screener or eligibility question?
"All are flawed, some are useful" describes this.
What is a model?
This term refers to the list or source you sample from, which must represent your population well if you want unbiased estimates. Examples include address lists or telephone number files.
What is the sampling frame?
In this type of sampling every sample element has a known chance of being selected.
What is probability sampling?
The total number of SAPOR Conferences held since its founding.
What is 45?
This problematic type of question violates the “ask one question at a time” principle by combining two concepts, as in “Would you like to be rich and famous?”
What is a double‑barreled question?
Correlation should never be confused with this.
What is causation?
A frequently mispronounced type of response scale.
What is the Likert scale?
A design that incorporates multiple stages of sampling such as selecting schools within a state, classes within a school, and students within a class.
What is a complex or multi-stage sample design
The eponym, or person for whom the SAPOR Student Paper Competition is named.
Who is James Prothro?
In web and paper instruments, this layout type presents multiple items with a shared response scale in a table, but research shows it encourages straight‑lining and breakoff, so best practice is to use it sparingly or not at all.
What is a grid or matrix question format?
When people who do not respond to a survey differ from those who do in ways that matter for your key outcomes, you get this kind of error, which can be large even with a high response rate.
What is nonresponse error (or nonresponse bias)?