Foundations
What does EMS stand for?
What is...
emergency medical services
When blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked and the heart begins to lose oxygen from the lack of blood.
What is...
a heart attack
What are common choking hazards for children younger than 4?
What are...
-nuts and seeds
-chunks of meat and cheese
-peanut butter
-popcorn
-hard or sticky candy
-chucks of fruit
-raw veggies
A progressive and life-threatening condition in which the circulatory system fails to deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to the body's tissues and organs.
What is...
shock
What is acute illness?
What is...
an illness that strikes suddenly and lasts only for a small period of time
What are the 4 basic steps of your role in the EMS system?
What is...
1. Recognizing that an emergency exists
2. Deciding to take action
3. Activating the EMS system
4. Giving care until EMS personal take over
What are obvious symptoms of a heart attack?
What is...
-pain in the arms, shoulders, and/or chest
-dizziness/nausea
-trouble breathing
-unresponsiveness
-ashen skin
What should someone look for if a person is choking?
What is...
-panicked or confused expression
-hands close to the throat
-coughing or squeaking noises
-initial red face that evolves into a pale blue shade
What are the signs and symptoms of shock?
What is...
1. restlessness and irritability
2. rapid breathing
3. rapid, weak heartbeat
4. altered level of consciousness
What is a chronic illness?
What is...
an illness that someone usually lives with and requires continuous treatment
What are four signs of an emergency?
What is...
1. Unusual sounds
2. Unusual odors
3. Unusual sights
4. Unusual behaviors
What is the first aid care for someone having a heart attack?
What is...
Call 911, get the person into a comfortable position, and reassure the person to prevent further anxiety
What is the basic first aid care for a choking child or adult?
What is...
5 back blows followed by 5 abdominal thrusts
What is internal bleeding?
What is...
bleeding that occurs inside of the body, into a body cavity or space
What are the common signs and symptoms of sudden illness?
What are...
-trouble breathing
-changes in level of consciousness
-dizziness/light-headedness
-fever
-pale of flushed skin
Laws that protect the responder from financial liability in order to encourage people to help others in an emergency situation.
What are...
the Good Samaritan Laws
Occurs when the heart stops beating or beat ineffectively to circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs.
What is...
cardiac arrest
What is the basic first aid care for a choking infant?
What is...
5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts
What are the types of open wounds?
What are...
-abrasions
-avulsions
-lacerations
-puncture wounds
What is respiratory distress?
What is...
difficulty breathing evidenced by signs of gasping for breath/shortness of breath
Before giving first aid care what should a person do?
What is...
Ask for consent by
-stating your name
-stating the type and level of training you have
-explaining what you think is wrong
-explaining what you plan to do
-asking if you may help
During and emergency where the person is going into cardiac arrest, how long does it take for brain damage to begin?
What is...
4-6 minutes
What should a responder do if a choking person has become unresponsive?
What is...
lower the person to the ground and begin CPR and chest compressions (after each set look in the person's mouth for the object)
What are the two types of trauma that can cause internal bleeding?
What are...
-blunt trauma
-penetrating trauma
A severe and life-threatening allergic reaction.
What is...
anaphylaxis