Theory
When does the Affirmative Team need to present their entire case?
The Affirmative Team must present their entire plan in the first speech.
How long is a Constructive speech?
8 minutes.
What is a Stock Issue?
A stock issue is a category of arguments against a plan or idea.
Name the four points of four point refutation.
Identify, Claim, Warrant, Impact. (They say, we say, because, therefore)
Name the two types of speeches.
Constructives and rebuttals.
What must the Negative Team do to win the round?
Prove that the costs outweigh the benefits.
How many speeches are there in the debate?
8 total.
Name the four stock issues.
Topicality, Inherency, Significance, and Solvency.
What is the model used to make an argument?
The Toulmin model.
Who CX's the 2AC?
The 1NC.
Why does the Affirmative Team have a special burden of proof?
Because they're saying the system needs to be changed and needs to prove that with evidence.
How often will each person speak in the debate?
Each person will speak twice.
What's the difference between a disadvantage and a harm?
A harm is a problem the AFF plan will solve while a disadvantage is a problem the AFF plan will create.
What is impact calculus?
Weighing the impacts of each side's arguments to show the judge who should win.
Which speech is the fifth speech of the round and by which speaker is it given?
The fifth speech of the round is the 1NR, and it is given by the 1st Negative Speaker.
Who is the actor in this year's resolution?
The United States Federal Government.
How much prep time does each team get in-round?
Five minutes each.
What is fiat power?
The assumption that high school affirmative teams actually have the power to change U.S. policy (otherwise there would be no debate).
Why is it important to organize your arguments clearly in a speech?
To make sure the judge understands what you're saying (and so you don't get confused).
Who should speakers look at during CX?
The Judge.
Who is the default vote in the round?
The Negative. This is because the Negative Team is advocating we keep the system the same. If you're not sure whether or not you should change anything, the system stays the way it is.
Where does the Affirmative team sit?
To the left of the judge.
What is extratopicality?
Part of the AFF plan (usually a mandate or agency) that is outside of the boundaries of the resolution.
What's the difference between defensive and offensive arguments?
A defensive argument is defending the current system while an offensive argument is a reason why the AFF plan is bad.
What is arguably the hardest speech to give?
The 1AR.