TERMS I
state of matter with a definite volume and definite shape
solid
rate of change of velocity; can be calculated by dividing the change in the velocity by the time it takes the change to occur
acceleration
state of matter with an indefinite volume and indefinite shape
gas
attractive force between two objects that depend on the masses of the objects and the distance between them
gravity
forces on an object that combine to give a zero net force and do not change the motion of the object
balanced force
nucleic acids
class of natural or synthetic substances made up of many smaller, simpler molecules, called monomers, arranged in large chains
polymer
gravitational force exerted on an object
weight
state of matter with a definite volume and indefinite shape
liquid
distance an object travels per unit of time
speed
speed of an object at a given point in time; is constant for an object moving with constant speed, and changes with time for an object that is slowing down or speeding up
instantaneous speed
a measure of the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution using a scale ranging from 0 to 14, with 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most basic
pH
transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves
radiation
large, complex, biological polymers formed from amino acid units; make up many body tissues such as muscles, tendons, hair and fingernails
protein
chemical reaction that requires heat energy in order to proceed
endothermic reaction
chemical reaction that produces a precipitate, water, or a gas when two ionic compounds in solution are combined
double displacement reaction
a net force that is directed toward the center of a curved or circular path
centripetal force
group of biological compounds, such as sugars and starches, with twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms
carbohydrates
chemical equation with the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation
balanced chemical equation
a push or pull on an object
force
stored energy an object has due to its position
potential energy
states that the acceleration of an object is in the same direction as the net force on the object, and that the acceleration equals the net force divided by the mass
Newton's 2nd Law
the speed and direction of a moving object
velocity
a type of chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light
combustion reaction
measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object
temperature