Introduction
Which body system is responsible for allowing us to breathe?
What is the respiratory system?
The enzyme that is found in saliva and secreted by the salivary glands.
What is salivary amylase?
These structures ensure that blood only flows through the heart in the correct direction.
What are valves?
The object that was used to represent our lungs in the vital capacity lab.
The percentage of food absorption that occurs in the small intestine (hint: over half!).
What is 80%?
This term describes the stable equilibrium in which the human body usually operates. Departure from it indicates illness/disease.
What is homeostasis?
This organ is responsible for secreting insulin and glucagon.
What is the pancreas?
The structure that returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from the lower body.
What is the inferior vena cava?
These tiny air sacs inflate when a person breathes in, and deflate with exhalation. They are the site of gas exchange between O2 and CO2.
What are alveoli?
This accessory organ of digestion is responsible for the production of bile.
What is the liver?
These two hormones are secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels as part of homeostasis.
What are insulin and glucagon?
These anatomical structures serve to increase the surface area of the small intestine, thereby increasing the gut's capacity for nutrient absorption.
What are the villi, or microvilli?
The term for the relaxation of the heart. (Hint: Recall the smaller number of a blood pressure measurement).
What is diastole?
The term for breathing in, this can also be the mechanism of a poisoning emergency.
What is inhalation?
A common disorder where the hydrochloric acid in the stomach burns a hole through the stomach's protective mucous lining.
What is an ulcer?
This important substance lines the respiratory (e.g. trachea, lungs) and digestive systems (e.g. esophagus, stomach, etc.)
What is mucus?
Medications that control for this condition work by making the muscles of the large intestine relax, thereby passing stool more slowly.
What is diarrhea?
The component of the blood that aggregates in order to form wound-healing clots.
What are platelets?
This semilunar heart valve is named for the lungs and prevents the backflow of blood into the right ventricle.
What is the pulmonary valve?
This term describes a yellowing of the skin and is a serious sign of liver damage, for example from the overconsumption of alcohol.
What is jaundice?
Another name for the tube which forms the entire digestive track.
What is the alimentary canal (or lumen)?
These two substances react to form pepsin, an important enzyme for protein digestion in the stomach.
What are hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen?
This first aid intervention seeks to restore blood flow through the body and to the brain if a person becomes unconscious. (Use the full name!)
What is cardiopulmonary resuscitation (C.P.R.)?
Changes in this physical property lead to the expansion and deflation of the lungs inside of the chest cavity. (2 words)
What is partial pressure?
These ring-like muscles constrict a passage or opening, thus serving to control the movement of fluids, food, waste, or even light (in the eye).
What are sphincters?