Biology
Produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets, this peptide is the primary anabolic hormone of the body and is implicated in diabetes mellitus.
What is insulin?
Having an identical molecular constitution, molecules that differ only in the three- dimensional orientation of their atoms are described as this.
What are stereoisomers?
Sound travels the fastest across this medium, which is characterised by its structural rigidity and resistance to applied external forces and pressure.
What is a solid?
This technique is used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed.
What is radiometric dating?
A technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it with a solution of known concentration is called this
Titration
This RNA-processing mechanism allows a single gene to produce multiple protein products by the inclusion or exclusion of certain exons.
What is alternative splicing?
This thermodynamic function indicates the maximum useful work obtainable from a process at constant temperature and pressure.
What is Gibbs free energy?
Also known as diffusion, this method of heat transfer involves the direct, microscopic exchange of kinetic energy between particles.
What is conduction?
A primary component of limestone, this carbonate mineral has a Mohs hardness of 3 and reacts vigorously with hydrochloric acid.
What is calcite?
A Helmholtz coil creates a nearly uniform version of this.
What is a magnetic field?
Located on the left side of the human heart, this structure is most susceptible of its kind to prolapse.
What is the mitral valve?
In a nucleophilic acyl substitution, this kind of intermediate is commonly formed in the reaction of a carboxylic acid derivative with a nucleophile.
What is a tetrahedral intermediate?
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle relates the uncertainty of a particle’s position to the uncertainty of this quantity.
What is momentum
Movement and collision of tectonic plates at these zones result in frequent volcanic or earthquake activity, such as the Ring of Fire.
What is a tectonic belt?
In machine learning algorithms, this term describes the data points used to train a model or make predictions.
What is a feature set?
With examples ranging from sea otters to prairie dogs, this type of species has a disproportionately large impact on their ecosystems relative to their abundance.
What is a keystone species?
The pH of a buffer solution is determined by the pKa of a weak acid and the ratio of a conjugate base to its weak acid in this equation.
What is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation?
Formulated by Galileo Galilei, this scientific theory includes the postulate that the speed of light is the same in all inertial reference frames.
What is special relativity?
In this ocean atmosphere system, El Niño and La Niña describe changes in surface water temperature and wind patterns.
What is the Pacific Ocean?
Variously used to identify and quantify compounds in biomolecule analysis, water quality, and food and beverage control, this analytical instrument measures the amount of ultraviolet and visible light absorbed by a sample.
What is a UV-Vis spectrophotometer?
This process allows bacteria to scavenge extracellular DNA as a nutrient or for genetic recombination.
What is transformation (natural competence)?
The difference between a particle's total angular momentum and spin angular momentum, the shape of an orbital is determined by this quantum number.
What is l (orbital or azimuthal)?
As first described in An Essay on the Cohesion of Fluids, the pressure difference across a curved liquid interface due to surface tension is given by this equation.
What is the Young-Laplace equation?
This type of estuary forms when rising sea levels flood existing river valleys, creating a broad, shallow, partially enclosed coastal body of water.
What is a coastal plain?
In antibiotic sensitivity testing, zones of inhibition indicate effectiveness in this type of assay.
What is Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion?