How did Hamilton and the Federalists believe that the Constitution should be interpreted?
Hamilton and Federalists believed in a loose interpretation of the Constitution.
100
What was the majority of South Carolina's economy based upon during the Antebellum Period?
South Carolina's economy during the Antebellum Period was based largely upon agriculture.
100
How was sectionalism one cause of the Civil War?
Differences between the North and South (weather, climate, vegetation, soil, land regions, economy, etc.) led to a growing sense of sectionalism.
100
What was the new Republican Party's platform on slavery?
Its platform focused on preventing the spread of slavery, although some members wanted to abolish slavery totally.
100
Explain the U.S. military strategy called the Anaconda Plan.
This was a plan to squeeze the Confederacy to death by splitting it into two. The Union planned to take control of the Mississippi River and isolate Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana and cut off their supplies.
200
How did Jefferson and Democratic-Republicans believe that the Constitution should be interpreted?
Jefferson and Democratic-Republicans believed that the Constitution should be strictly followed.
200
What was the impact of the cotton gin on slavery and plantation farming?
The invention of the cotton gin made the removal of sticky cotton seeds easier and quicker. This led to a greater interest in planting cotton and INCREASED the need for slaves who would prepare fields, plant seeds, weed crops, and pick cotton bolls.
200
Upon what was the Northern economy largely based prior to the Civil War?
The Northern economy was largely based upon industrialization (factories and textile mills).
200
If Abraham Lincoln won the presidential election, what did Southern states threaten?
Some Southern states threatened to secede if Lincoln won the presidential election.
200
How did Robert Smalls gain freedom for himself and for his family?
He was an experienced harbor pilot in Charleston. The Confederacy used him to take messages back and forth to the forts in the harbor. He had his family with him. He knew the signals, and no one questioned him when he sailed into the hands of the Union Navy.
300
Upon what was the Constitutional controversy over the "purchase" of Louisiana based?
According to the Constitution, Jefferson did not have the right to purchase land.
300
How did the Nullification Crisis contribute the start of the Civil War?
Southern states believed that states could and should nullify any federal laws that they find too oppressive (i.e. protective tariffs). The North benefitted from protective tariffs, but the South (which was largely agricultural) did not. This further pitted North and South against one another.
300
Why was the Confederate capture of Fort Sumter in 1861 significant?
Lincoln announced that he would "hold, occupy, and possess" all federal property in any seceded states. The Union garrison at Fort Moultrie moved to Fort Sumter and Governor Pickens saw this as an act of aggression. The Union forces were given an ultimatum to surrender, but they refused. South Carolina and Confederate forces bombarded the fort. The war had begun.
300
What was the purpose of the H.L. Hunley?
This was a Confederate submarine that rammed a shaft armed with explosives into the U.S.S. Housatonic in order to break the Union blockade.
400
What was the Embargo Act of 1807, and what was the affect of this act on the state of South Carolina?
The Embargo Act was designed to prevent impressment (foreign ships raiding our ships and forcing people to join their navies, etc.) by not allowing American ships to leave American ports for any foreign destination. This act had a negative impact on the economy of South Carolina because they could not sell their goods.
400
What was the result of rebellions like those led by Denmark Vesey and Nat Turner?
Such revolts led to the passing of more laws to control slaves and free blacks. Most whites became more fearful of blacks and believed that humane treatment of slaves would not work.
400
Which was the only provision of the Compromise of 1850 that benefitted the entire South? Why weren't Northern states happy with the Compromise of 1850?
The Fugitive Slave Law benefitted the entire South.
Northern states did not believe that they should be in the business of capturing slaves.
400
Explain the importance of Port Royal Sound during the Civil War.
The Union strategy was to blockade all Confederate ports and seize the Mississippi River. When Union forces captured Port Royal, they were able to establish a base from which they could launch other attacks.
400
In addition to the war being fought to save the Union, what did the Emancipation Proclamation do to continue the fighting?
The Emancipation Proclamation also made it a war about slavery.
500
Why was South Carolina College built in Columbia?
In part, the state legislature had this college built in Columbia to ease political friction between the Low Country and the Up Country.
500
What impact did the abolitionist movement have on the state of South Carolina?
The abolitionist movement increased sectionalism in South Carolina.
500
Summarize the Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision.
Slaves were property and could be taken anywhere.
500
Describe the South's main strategy.
On land, it planned to "wear down" the invading armies. At sea, the Confederacy wanted to make sure the Union blockade did not work (i.e. used raiders to capture Union merchant ships and ironclads to sink Union's wooden ships).
500
How was Sherman's march an example of "total war"?
His march was not only against Confederate armies but also against civilians and resources. The intent was to demoralize people and cause them to lose interest in the war.