First Aid
What is the first step of stopping severe bleeding from an extremity wound?
What is direct pressure
This large muscle separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities and is important for breathing?
What is diaphragm?
What is 60-100 BPM?
An EMT must evaluate the scene and ensure this before approaching a patient.
What is scene safety?
In medical terminology, what common prefix means "fast" or "rapid"?
What is tachy-?
If a conscious adult or child is choking and is unable to cough, speak, or breathe, what maneuver should you perform to clear the airway?
What is abdominal thrusts?
The human spine is divided into major sections, what is the topmost region, containing 7 vertebrae called?
What is the cervical region (C-spine)?
For a healthy adult at rest, a normal breathing rate falls within this range.
What is 12-20 breaths/min?
When responding to a call involving possible bodily fluids or infectious disease, an EMT must apply this to ensure safety.
What is PPE (personal protective equipment)?
What three letter abbreviation is fundamental to step-by-step life-support assessment and what does each letter stand for?
What is ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation)?
What device should be placed 2-3 inches above a severe, life-threatening bleed on an extremity?
What is tourniquet?
With altered mental status, EMTs assess blood glucose levels because this organ relies almost entirely on a continuous supply of glucose for proper function.
What is the brain?
In adults, a blood pressure reading with a top number of 120 and a bottom number of 80 is considered normal. These terms define the top and bottom values.
What is systolic (top) and diastolic (bottom)?
If multiple people on the same floor of a residence hall report sudden headaches, nausea, and dizziness, responders should immediately suspect this colorless, odorless gas and initiate an evacuation.
If an EMT places a patient flat on their back, face up, what anatomical position is the patient in?
What is supine?
During an active seizure, the correct first step is to protect them from injury, what position do you put the patient in once the seizing stops?
What is recovery position?
high levels of this gas in the blood triggers the breathing reflex.
When testing a patients blood glucose level, a reading in this range is considered normal for a non-diabetic adult.
What is 60-120 mg/dL?
During a crowded emergency, a large crowd can become an operational hazard. First responders perform this process using clear communication, barriers, and law enforcement to maintain the scene.
What is crowd/scene control?
What is difficulty breathing?
When treating an open chest wound ("sucking chest wound"), you should immediately cover it with what type of dressing to prevent air from entering the pleural space?
What is occlusive dressing?
What are platelets (thrombocytes)?
Cushing's Triad is a vital sign pattern used to identify dangerously high intracranial pressure. These are the three characteristics that make up Cushing's Triad.
What is decreased/irregular respirations, bradycardia (slow heart rate), and hypertension (high blood pressure) with a widened gap?
When approaching a hazardous chemical spill, leak, or structure fire, first responders should always park in this location to avoid runoff or vapors.
What is upwind/uphill?
In trauma assessment, the pneumonic DCAP-BTLS stands for what?
What is deformities, contusions, abrasions, punctures/penetrations, burns, tenderness, lacerations, swelling?