Pathophysiology
This is the main neurotransmitter implicated in Schizophrenia.
Halter, p194
What is Dopamine
The client says, "Tugboat orange and run glass stained computer, Tuesday banana blue"
Halter, p. 198
What is word salad
Mental status assessment for a client who has a blank facial expression and says he feels hopeless about the future
Halter, p. 200
What is flat affect and depressed mood
Interventions for anosognosia and delusions
Halter. p. 206, table 12.3 & p. 208
What is establish a trusting relationship and clarify misinterpretations of the environment
Masklike facies, stooped posture, drooling, shuffling gait, "pill rolling"
What is pseudoparkinsonism
This model is probably the best explanation for the existence of schizophrenia.
Halter, p. 194
What is diathesis-stress model
Loss of motivation and reduction in goal-directed activities
Halter, p. 199
What is Avolition
Client goes to his bathroom sink and takes the toothbrush out of the drawer but cannot remember what to do with it.
Halter, p. 200
What is Impaired Memory
Competing auditory stimuli
Halter, p. 209, table 12.3
What is intervention for auditory hallucinations
This medication, which potentially reduces the neutrophil count, requires a CBC with differential to be measured weekly for the first 6 months of use.
What is clozapine (Clozaril)
These are common comorbidities
Halter, p. 193, 194
What are substance use disorders, anxiety, depression, suicide attempts, physical illnesses, and polydipsia
The nurse says to the client, "It's time to take your medication." The client responds, "Time to take your medication."
Halter, p. 198
What is Echolialia
Client's inability to screen out background noise leading to overstimulation.
Halter, p. 200
What is impaired information processing
Intervention for resistance to treatment/nonadherence
Halter, p. 205, table 12.3
What is linking treatment to client's goals
Blind as a bat, Red as a beet, Dry as a bone, Hot as a hare, Mad as a hatter.
Halter, p. 215, table 12.6
What is anticholinergic toxicity
Second generation antipsychotics differ from first generation antipsychotic because they act on this neurotransmitter.
Halter, p. 214 and 57
What is Serotonin
The nurse observes a client sitting in the day room. Occasionally, he turns his head slightly to the right, moves his lips silently, and suddenly starts laughing.
Halter, p. 198
What are Auditory Hallucinations
The SBAR report notes, "Client can't remember what room is hers and takes belongings out of other clients' rooms"
Halter, p. 200
What is impaired executive functioning
Reason medications may be given in liquid or fast dissolving form
Halter, p. 205, table 12.3
What is cheeking or palming medications
Contractions of tongue, face, jaw, back; torticollis; oculogyric crisis
Halter, 215, table 12.6
What is dystonia
These are the four phases of schizophrenia.
Halter, p. 196
What are prodromal, acute, stabilization, and maintenance or residual
A client states, "The nurses keep looking my room to show me they are the boss and in charge."
Halter, p. 198
What is paranoia
During the initial assessment, the nurse asks the patient, "What brought you to the hospital?". The client replies "a cab" rather than explaining a suicide attempt.
Halter, p.200
What is concrete thinking
Eating healthy nutritious foods; physical activity; regular medical check-ups
Halter, p. 216, table 12.6
What helps with metabolic syndrome
Sudden cardiac death from this condition can occur these medications: ziprasidone (Geodon), risperidone (risperdal), quetiapine (Seroquel), chlorpromazine (Thorazine), haloperidol (Haldol)
Halter, p. 217
What is QT interval prolongation