Initial
Hallmarks
General
+ or -
Epidemiology
100
What is an altered or distorted perception of reality commonly referred to as?
Psychosis
100
Features that are absent or reduced in comparison to what is considered normal
Negative Symptoms
100
To diagnose with schizophrenia, symptoms need to persist for at least...?
6 months
100
Lack of emotional expression
What is Blunted Affect?
100
Schizophrenia affects what percentage of the population?
1%
200
What is the first step in management of this patient?
Rule out other causes.
200
Positive Symptoms
Features that are present in excess of what is considered normal
200
If symptoms last for less than 1 month?
What is Brief Psychotic Disorder
200
Inability to feel pleasure
What is Anhedonia?
200
When are women more likely to be affected?
Generally later-30s and upwards.
300
In ruling out causes of psychosis, what are 3 other common causes?
Medical conditions, Medications, Substance abuse
300
Impairment in executive function, attention and memory broadly referred to as?
Cognitive symptoms
300
If symptoms persist for more than 1 month but less than 6 months?
Schizophreniform Disorder
300
Lack of interest, enthusiasm or concern
What is Apathy?
300
Genetic predisposition among first-degree relatives of the affected?
12%
400
Absolutely indispensable to making dx of schizophrenia?
Gathering a good medical history.
400
Fixed false beliefs that cannot be altered with rational arguments or explained in context of the individuals culture.
Delusions.
400
Main neurotransmitter abnormality?
Increased Dopamine in mesolimbic area of the brain.
400
Inability to speak because of mental defect, mental confusion, or aphasia.
What is Alogia?
400
Group with the highest genetic predisposition?
Monozygotic twins at 50%
500
What are some diagnostics that assist in making diagnosis?
Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR), TSH, Urine Drug Screen (UDS)
500
The difference between hallucination and illusion?
Hallucination-abnormal perception of no external stimuli Illusion-abnormal perception of actual stimuli
500
Dangerous side effect noted with Clozapine usage?
Agranulocytosis
500
Made-up words or phrases that only have meaning to the patient.
What are Neologisms?
500
What is the "Downward Drift Hypothesis"?
Those affected tend to perform poorly in society and drift into lower socioeconomic groups. E.g. the homeless population.
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