Ch 1
Is air matter? How do you know?
Yes! It has mass and takes up space.
A toy car is rolling across the floor. What kind of energy is this?
Kinetic energy
Name one thing Earth has that living things need & what does it do for us?
liquid water, a suitable atmosphere, etc.
What is a hypothesis?
An idea or prediction that can be tested
How many g are in a kg
1000
Name the 3 particles in an atom and their charges
Proton (+)
Neutron (0)
Electron (-)
A rubber band is stretched but held still. What kind of energy is stored in it?
Potential energy, specifically elastic potential energy
Why does Earths distance from the Sun matter for life?
It helps keep temperatures suitable for liquid water.
Why do scientists repeat tests?
To see whether they can get consistent results.
Convert 2.5 L to mL
2,500 mL
A neutral atom looses an electron, what happens to its charge?
It becomes positive
Energy changes from one form to another. Is the total energy destroyed?
No it is conserved
What helps shield Earth from charge particles coming from the Sun?
Earths magnetic field
A scale gives the same wrong weight three times. Is it precise, accurate, both, or neither?
Precise, but not accurate.
A box is 4cm long, 3cm wide, and 2 cm high. What is its volume?
4x3x2 = 24cm^3
What did Rutherford learn from the gold foil experiment?
An atom has a tiny positive nucleus and is mostly empty space.
Does wavelength get longer or shorter as you go from radio waves towards gamma rays? What happens to photon energy?
Wavelength gets shorter, photon energy increases.
Give one way Earths atmosphere helps support life
It provides gases we need/helps regulate temperature
Scientists discover new evidence that does not fit an old model. What should they do?
Check the evidence and revise the model if needed.
A metal key raises the water level from 42 mL to 60 mL. What is the keys volume in cm^3?
60-42 = 18 mL
18mL = 18cm^3
Why did scientists change their models of the atom over time? Give one example
New evidence led to better models. For example, Thomson found electrons, or Rutherford found the nucleus
What happens during nuclear fusion in the sun and how does some of that energy reach Earth?
Hydrogen nuclei combine to make helium and release energy. Some reaches Earth as electromagnetic radiation.
Name one condition that helps Earth support life. First tell what it does, then tell what conclusion the textbook draws from such conditions.
Example: Earths magnetic field helps shield it from solar particles. The textbook argues that life-supporting conditions point to intelligent design.
A student tests whether fertilizer helps plants grow taller. One plant gets fertilizer, sunlight, and plenty of water. The other gets no fertilizer, a little sunlight, and a little water. Is this a fair test? Explain how to fix it.
No. Several things changed so the student cannot tell what caused the difference. Use similar plants with the same sunlight and water. Only change whether they receive fertilizer.
A dispenser releases 1.5 kg of material every minute. Convert this rate to g/s.
25 g/s