Math
This is a calculation question. Given the set of numbers 4, 5, 7, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 20; find the median.
ANSWER:8
This landmass contains a lake thought to be similar to the ocean of Europa, Lake Vostok. Indented by the Weddell Sea and the Ross Sea, it contains a territory named for the wife of King Haakon VII, Queen Maud Land. Lincoln Ellsworth discovered this landmass's highest point, Vinson Massif; it also contains the volcano Mount Erebus. It contains research stations operated by various countries, but has no permanent population. For 10 points, name this least populous of the seven continents.
ANSWER: Antarctic
The fruiting body of one phylum of these organisms is called the basidiocarp and other phylums include Ascomycota. These organisms have a branching filamentous structure called hyphae, which is collected in mycelium. The cell wall of these organisms is made from chitin. These organisms form a symbiotic relationship with plant roots in mycorrhizae and with a photosynthetic organism, like green algae, in lichens. For 10 points, name this kingdom that includes yeasts, molds, and mushrooms
ANSWER: fungi [or fungus
What kind of figurative language constructs a comparison using “like” or “as”?
ANSWER: simile
One of these buildings was destroyed when an inhabitant's electricity interacted with the gas produced by Koffing. A Wireless Club and Union Room were included on the second floor of these buildings starting in Generation III. One of them located in Viridian City is attacked by Meowth, Jessie, and James. Brock's love interest works in these locations and is named Nurse Joy. For 10 points, identify these locations which heal injured Pokemon.
ANSWER: Pokemon centers
Napoleon Bonaparte allegedly discovered a theorem that involves externally constructing these figures. Only in these shapes can the length of the circumradius be exactly twice the length of the inradius. When these shapes have side-length one, their area equals the one-fourth times the square root of three. One can prove that a figure is of this type if any two of its circumcenter, incenter, orthocenter, or centroid are the same. For 10 points, identify these triangles which have 60 degree angles and equal side-lengths.
ANSWER: equilateral triangles [prompt on triangles]
Air campaigns during this war included Linebacker II and Operation Rolling Thunder. The Case-Church Amendment ended American involvement in this war, which saw the first combat use of “Huey” helicopters. Walter Cronkite had a pessimistic view of this war after the Tet Offensive. The defoliant Agent Orange was used during this war. For 10 points, name this war in which the United States failed to defeat a country led by Ho Chi Minh.
ANSWER: Vietnam War
An unusually large type of this structure is found within the cells of the salivary glands of Drosophila and is called polytene. Scaffolding proteins and histones help comprise these structures. They can be viewed on a karyogram, which can detect aneuploidies. These structures are formed from condensed genetic material before a cell divides. For 10 points, name this DNA-containing structure, of which 23 pairs are found in humans.
ANSWER: chromosomes [prompt on chromatin]
What interrogative pronoun is wo (VOH) in German and donde (DOHN-day) in Spanish?
ANSWER: where
What first sacrament of the Catholic Church is responsible for washing away original sin?
ANSWER: baptism
Double or Nothing
The inequality named after one of these shapes states that the absolute value of quantity x plus y is less than or equal to the absolute value of x plus absolute value of y. Two of these figures are not necessarily congruent if SSA is satisfied, but they are if SAS is. The Euler line goes through their incenter, orthocenter, and centroid. For 10 points, what are these polygons whose area equals one-half base times height?
Double or Nothing
In September 2013, this province proposed that its new Charter of Values should ban all government employees from wearing religious symbols. Three months earlier, this province was the target of protests by Sikhs, who were singled out by a rule barring the wearing of turbans during soccer matches. This province advocates for a "distinct society" and the privileged position of the French language. For 10 points, name this Canadian province.
The folia of this section of an organ include a layer of Purkinje cells. The ends of this region’s granule cells receive input from mossy fibers. It lies dorsal to a region of the name whose name means “bridge”, the pons, which connects the thalamus and brain stem. Ataxia indicates damage to this region that affects motor control. A surface with smooth grooves distinguishes it from the cerebral cortex. For 10 points, identify this region whose name means “little brain”.
ANSWER: cerebellum
This speech was called a “powerful demagogic” speech by the head of COINTELPRO. The speaker of this speech ends by saying that he hopes everyone can sing “Free at last! Free at last!” The speaker hopes that his children will live in a nation “where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” For 10 points, name this August 1963 speech delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington.
ANSWER: "I Have a Dream"
This team’s coach Hank Stram was miked up by NFL Films, which was the first time a coach wore a microphone in a Super Bowl. The founder of this team, Lamar Hunt, is the namesake of the AFC Championship trophy. This team was the loser of the first Super Bowl; more recently, this team won the division in 2003 with running back Priest Holmes. It is currently coached by Andy Reid. For 10 points, name this team that is a rival of the Denver Broncos and plays its games in Arrowhead Stadium.
ANSWER: Kansas City Chiefs [or Kansas City Chiefs]