Background Info
Schumann
Who created this model?
8
How many factors influence social distance according to Schumann?
Within social dominance, there is less social distance.
With social dominance, what happens if the two groups have the same power in society?
Psychological distance
What is the second factor that can be used to predict the degree of language acquisition according to Schumann?
A student's attitude towards members of the cultural group whose language he or she are learning.
What is an important component of psychological distance?
By looking at what happens when individuals from one cultural group are transplanted into a new setting
According to Schumann, how can language acquisition best be understood?
Refers to the power relationships between two groups have. It is greater when one group dominates the other.
What is social dominance?
Social distance is greater when the learner group is self-sufficient and does not interact with members of the target culture.
What is enclosure?
Three
How many main factors determine psychological distance?
The importance of social and psychological factos on acquisition.
What do the acculturation models highlight?
He focuses on sociocultural factors that influence a language learner.
What does Schumann focus on in his model?
Social distance is greatest when there is a pattern of limited integration between two cultures.
What is integration pattern?
Social distance is increased when the learner group is tight-knit.
What is cohesiveness?
Those with high motivation to learn the language are more likely to learn the motivation than those with low motivation.
What is motivation?
A environment in which students can interact and develop positive attitudes toward speakers of the target language.
What should teachers create in a classroom environment?
Studies of individuals acquiring a second language.
What does he base his theory on?
When the learner group is big, there is more social distance from the target culture.
What is size in respect to social distance?
Social distance is greater when the two groups are different culturally.
Those with a postitive attittude toward the language and culture are more likely to learn the language than those who are negative.
What is attitude?
Students give up their primary language and culture.
What does acculturation not require?
The larger the social distance between two different cultures, the harder the learner will have learning the second language.
What is Schumann's hypothesis?
Social distance is increased when the learner group has a negative attitude toward members of the target culture.
What is attitude in respect to social distance?
Social distance is greatest when memebers of the group only intend to stay in the country a short amount of time.
What is intended length of residence?
When a new individual experiences culture shock, they experience more difficulty learning the new language.
What is culture shock?
Bilingualism and biculturalism.
What is a result of acculturation?