Machines
You push a heavy box up a long ramp instead of lifting it straight up. What are the advantages and disadvantages to using the ramp?
Bonus: What simple machine is this?
You use less force, but you must push the box over a longer distance.
Inclined plane.
Does food coloring spread faster in hot water or cold water and why?
Hot water because molecules move faster at higher temperatures, causing quicker diffusion.
Why do fungi play an important role in ecosystems, even though they sometimes damage food or wood?
Fungi are decomposers — they break down dead material and recycle nutrients back into the environment.
What part of a plant eventually becomes fruit?
The flower.
What line divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
The equator
A pulley lets you lift the load with half the force. What type of pulley must it be?
Moveable pulley!
Why does a pressure cooker cook food faster than a stove?
Higher pressure raises the boiling point of water, allowing the water inside the food to reach temperatures hotter than 212. Higher temperature means food cooks faster.
Remember, more pressure means more force pushing down and the molecules need more energy to break free into a gas. More energy --> higher temperature.
Why does the wood we use to build houses not rot like dead trees we see in forests?
We pressure treat the wood - it goes in a giant vacuum to suck out the air and push preservative chemicals into the wood.
The roots.
What is name of the imaginary lines that run from North pole to South pole and measure how far east or west you are?
Longitude lines.
Two gears are connected. The large gear turns the small gear. What happens to the speed and the force of the output?
The output turns faster, but with less force .
During boiling, why does the temperature of the water stay the same even though heat is still being added?
All added energy goes into state change instead of raising the temperature.
What is the main job of the circulatory system?
To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells
and to transport waste from cells.
What part of the flower holds seeds?
The ovary, which is part of the pistol (female part).
What are the names of the imaginary lines that run from East to West around the globe and measure how far north or south you are?
Latitude lines.
What simple machine is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder?
A screw!
When a gas is heated in a sealed container, what happens to the pressure inside and why?
Pressure increases because the molecules move faster and hit the container wall more often with more force.
How does the circulatory system work with the respiratory system?
Blood picks up oxygen from the lungs and delivers carbon dioxide back to be exhaled.
What part of the flower contains pollen?
The anther, which is part of the stamen (male part).
What happens to most substances when they are heated?
They expand.
A hydraulic lift uses a small piston and a large piston. You apply 10 pounds of force to the small piston and can lift a 100 pound load! How is this possible?
Why does a sealed bag of chips appear plumper at the top of a mountain than at sea level?
Outside air pressure is lower at high altitude, so the higher-pressure air inside the bag pushes outward more.
What to fungi and bacteria both need in grow?
Water, nutrients/food, and warmth.
What 3 places on a plant are the meristematic cells found?
Top of the plant (apical meristem)
End of the root (root apical merisemt)
In the stem between on the woody inner and bark - vascular cambium
What happens to the density of a substance when its temperature increases?