Evolution Plus (Module 1)
These are the 3 domains of life.
What are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya?
This type of natural selection favors individuals with traits at one extreme of a distribution.
What is directional selection?
This property of life relies on cell membranes
Targeting this bacterial mechanism, which allows bacteria to pump out antibiotics, can help overcome resistance by preventing the drug from being expelled before it can act.
What is an efflux pump?
This keyword is used to exit a function and send a value back to the place where the function was called.
What is return (AKA GAME OVER)?
When a bacterial cell receives a new resistance gene from the environment.
What is horizontal gene transfer (aka transformation)
In diploid organisms, this process produces genetically unique haploid gametes through random sorting and crossover.
What is meiosis?
Type of bond between 2 atoms with electronegativity < 0.4
What is a nonpolar covalent bond?
These types of molecules will have the best permeability across a cell membrane.
What are small nonpolar molecules?
#This is a type of...
for i in range(3):
for j in range(2):
# What is happening here?
print(i, j)
What is a nested for loop?
This type of mutation shifts the codon reading frame and changes the protein.
What is a frameshift mutation?
These two DNA repair mechanisms affect whether a gene drive succeeds in spreading: one is precise, the other is error-prone.
What are homologous directed repair (HDR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)?
This type of electrostatic interaction occurs between nonpolar molecules.
What is van der Waals (London dispersion force)?
Movement across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient can occur via this mechanism.
What is active transport (via a transmembrane protein, pump)?
In this Python operation, you access specific elements in a list or string using a number, where the first element is indexed as 0.
my_list = [10, 20, 30]
# How do you access the second element?
What is indexing (i.e., my_list[1])?
Potential offspring resulting from a population of WW, DD, and WR.
What are WW, DD, WR, RR and DR? :D
A cell membrane might need more of these fatty acids when it is super hot.
What are saturated fatty acids?
These types of antibiotic resistance mechanisms are more energetically costly.
What are creating/maintaining new or more proteins?
dict1 = {"Alice": 25, "Bob": 30, "Charlie": 35}
dict2 = {"Alice": 26, "Bob": 31, "Dave": 40}
shared_values = []
for key in dict1:
if key in dict2:
shared_values[key] = (dict1[key], dict2[key])
print(shared_values)
#what is the output?
What is: ['Alice': (25, 26), 'Bob': (30, 31)]?