Mole Concept
What is the SI unit used to measure the amount of a substance?
mole
Which gas law describes the relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature?
Boyle's Law
What type of organic compound contains only carbon and hydrogen?
hydrocarbons
What body system uses hormones to regulate body processes?
endocrine system
What is the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment?
homeostasis
What number represents the number of particles in one mole?
6.022×1023
What temperature scale must be used in gas law calculations?
Kelvin
What property of carbon allows it to form four covalent bonds with other atoms?
tetravalency
Which gland is often called the “master gland”?
pituitary gland
What type of feedback mechanism counteracts a change and returns the body to normal?
negative feedback
How many molecules are present in 2 moles of water?
1.2044×1024 molecules
According to Charles's Law, what happens to the volume of a gas when its temperature increases at constant pressure?
volume increases
Which type of hydrocarbon contains at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond?
alkenes
Which gland produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels?
pancreas
What process helps regulate increased body temperature?
sweating (or evaporation of sweat to cool the body)
How many moles are present in 6.022×1023 atoms of an element?
1 mole
A gas occupies 2.0 L at 1.0 atm. If the pressure is doubled while temperature remains constant, what will its new volume be?
1.0 L
What type of bond is formed when carbon shares electrons with another atom?
covalent bond
Which hormone is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels?
insulin
Is blood clotting an example of positive or negative feedback?
positive feedback
How many particles are present in 0.5 mole of a substance?
3.011×1023 particles
A gas has a volume of 3.0 L at 300 K. What will its volume be at 600 K if pressure remains constant?
6.0 L
A hydrocarbon contains a carbon-to-carbon double bond. Is it an alkane, alkene, or alkyne?
alkene
What gland produces thyroxine, a hormone involved in regulating metabolism?
thyroid gland
Explain why shivering is considered a negative feedback response.
Shivering produces heat when body temperature drops, helping restore normal body temperature.