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_______ is a numerical measure of the reflectivity of a surface.
What is albedo?
This is the pressure exerted by air on its surroundings due to the weight of the air.
What is atmospheric pressure?
Ocean currents distribute ____________ from the warmer waters near the equator towards the poles and push cooler water from the poles towards the equator.
What is thermal energy?
These are global wind systems that occur in different regions of the world and affect weather patterns. They are formed from a combination of global convection currents and the Coriolis effect.
What are prevailing winds?
This is a very large mass of air that has the same properties, such as humidity and temperature, as the area over which the air mass forms.
This is a measure of how much thermal energy (heat) a substance requires to increase its temperature by a certain amount.
What is heat capacity?
This is the average sea-level atmospheric pressure.
What is 101 kPa?
This example of a surface ocean current brings warm, moist air to the coast of the province, resulting in warmer temperatures in the winter than those experienced inland in Canada.
What is the gulf stream?
________ are fast-moving currents of air that circulate above the Earth.
What are jet streams?
This air mass affects Newfoundland and Labrador.
What is Maritime Polar?
This is a process that occurs when gasses in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat.
What is the greenhouse effect?
____________ is the amount of water vapor divided by the amount of dry air in a certain volume of air at a particular temperature.
What is absolute humidity?
This example of a surface ocean current brings cooler water to Newfoundland and Labrador.
What is the labrador current?
This front occurs when two air masses meet but neither advances, the boundary between them stalls.
What is a stationary front?
In this pressure system, winds blow away in a clockwise direction. This occurs when the air mass cools.
What is a high pressure system?
Solids can be heated to the point where the molecules holding their bonds together break apart and form a liquid. The most common example is solid ice turning into liquid water. The heat absorbed in this process is called:
What is the latent heat of fusion?
This is the temperature at which air is saturated with water vapour so that it condenses and falls as precipitation
What is dew point?
This is a massive system of deep-water currents. This system of moving water carries thermal energy around the whole world.
What is the great ocean conveyor belt?
This occurs when cold, dense air displaces warm air, it forces the warm air up along a steep slope.
What is a cold front?
In this pressure system, winds blow towards it and the air rises in the atmosphere where they meet. This happens when the air mass warms
What is a low pressure system?
___________ is the heat absorbed to change a liquid to a gas. This also applies when a gas changes to a liquid. In this case, the heat is released.
What is the latent heat of vaporization?
This is the ratio of the current absolute humidity to the highest possible absolute humidity, which will depend upon the current air temperature.
What is relative humidity?
Deeper ocean water moves as a result of differences in the _______ and ________ of water.
What is temperature and salt content?
This front occurs when a cold air mass moves so fast that it overtakes a warm front, forcing the warm air up. As the warm air is lifted, the advancing cold air mass collides with the cold air mass in front of the warm front.
What is an occluded front?
This describes the pattern of deflection taken by objects not firmly connected to the ground as they travel long distances around Earth.
What is the Coriolis Effect?